Understanding how discrimination can affect health
Understanding how discrimination can affect health
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DOI：
10.1111/1475-6773.13222
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Vu, Cecilia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, David R.;Lawrence, Jourdyn A.;Vu, Cecilia
背景综述了将自我报告的种族歧视与健康状况和卫生服务利用联系起来的实证研究。方法利用PubMed、PsycINFO、Sociological和Web of Science对2013年1月至2019年1月发表的文献综述和荟萃分析进行综述。使用系统性综述和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）框架考虑纳入文献。结果29篇文献符合纳入标准。国内外的研究都发现，成年人报告的歧视经历与心理健康和身体健康指标（包括疾病的临床前指标、健康行为、护理利用率和对医疗方案的坚持）存在不利关系。新出现的证据还表明，歧视会影响儿童和青少年的健康，而社会心理资源的存在至少可以减轻歧视的某些不利影响。越来越多的证据表明，种族歧视是一个新出现的疾病风险因素，并在健康的种族差异的贡献者。需要注意缩小研究差距，并增进我们对能够减少歧视负面影响的最佳干预措施的了解。
Background To provide an overview of the empirical research linking self-reports of racial discrimination to health status and health service utilization. Methods A review of literature reviews and meta-analyses published from January 2013 to 2019 was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, Sociological s, and Web of Science. Articles were considered for inclusion using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Results Twenty-nine studies met the criteria for review. Both domestic and international studies find that experiences of discrimination reported by adults are adversely related to mental health and indicators of physical health, including preclinical indicators of disease, health behaviors, utilization of care, and adherence to medical regimens. Emerging evidence also suggests that discrimination can affect the health of children and adolescents and that at least some of its adverse effects may be ameliorated by the presence of psychosocial resources. Conclusions Increasing evidence indicates that racial discrimination is an emerging risk factor for disease and a contributor to racial disparities in health. Attention is needed to strengthen research gaps and to advance our understanding of the optimal interventions that can reduce the negative effects of discrimination.