Spatial variation and effects of habitat on temperate reef fish assemblages in northeastern New Zealand
Spatial variation and effects of habitat on temperate reef fish assemblages in northeastern New Zealand
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2003.12.011
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发表时间：
2004-07-16
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Millar, RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, MJ;Millar, RB
与礁相关的鱼类可以对生境结构的变化作出反应，其反应的性质可以随着观察的不同空间尺度而改变。一个结构化的层次测定性抽样设计的样本温带珊瑚礁鱼类组合在新西兰东北部在几个空间尺度超过2年。研究的三个空间尺度是几十米（样带），几百到几千米（地点）和几百公里（地点）。我们检验了海藻林生境（相对密集的海藻林，辐射状海兰（C。Agardh）J. Agardh，中值深度=13.5 m）和贫瘠生境（以草皮和结壳红藻和食草海胆Evechinus chloroticus（Valenciennes）为主的岩礁，中值深度=6.7 m）。最近开发的多变量技术被用来测试和量化在不同的空间尺度的多变量变化。不同生境对鱼类群落的空间分布有显著的影响，海带林生境中，糙面柏丽鱼、异色光鳃鱼、新泽粗尾鱼、道氏线虫、单斑波提鱼、白鲟和拟隆头鱼的丰度或频率较高，而背隆头鱼、岩背隆头鱼、三尖鳃鱼、桑氏盔鱼、花摇蚊、白肩帕尔马鱼、贫瘠生境中的蝎和驼背鲸。一些更常见的物种，包括Usperichthys lineatus，Scorpis lineolatus和Cheilodactylus sperabilis没有表现出强烈的一致性影响，这两个不同的栖息地对它们的分布。然而，有一个显着的栖息地X位置的相互作用：栖息地的影响并没有发生在所有地点。在单个横断面规模上，变异性最高，并且不同地点和不同地点的变异性具有可比性。空间变化是大的年际变化相比，这是最小的，空间格局是一致的，在2年的研究。需要进一步的实验，包括操纵，以了解可能驱动这些模式的机制和过程。这项研究，再加上以前的研究结果，表明，可能有一个动态的相互作用之间的影响，栖息地对鱼类和鱼类的生物栖息地，如海带森林的影响。(C)2004 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Reef-associated fishes can respond to changes in habitat structure and the nature of their response can change with different spatial scales of observation. A structured hierarchical mensurative sampling design was used to sample temperate reef fish assemblages in northeastem New Zealand at several spatial scales over 2 years. The three spatial scales examined were tens of meters (transects), hundreds to thousands of meters (sites) and hundreds of kilometers (locations). We tested the hypothesis that fish assemblages differed between kelp forest habitat (relatively dense stands of the kelp, Ecklonia radiata (C. Agardh) J. Agardh, median depth=13.5 m) and barrens habitat (rocky reef dominated by turfing and encrusting red algae and the grazing urchin, Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes), median depth=6.7 m). Recently developed multivariate techniques were used to test for and quantify multivariate variation at different spatial scales. There were significant effects of habitat on the spatial distribution of fish assemblages, characterised by greater abundances or frequencies of Parika scaber, Chromis dispilus, Trachurus novaezelandiae, Nemadactylus douglasii, Bodianus unimaculatus, Odax pullus and Pseudolabrus miles in kelp forest habitat, and greater abundances or frequencies of Notolabrus celidotus, Notolabrus fucicola, Girella tricuspidata, Coris sandageri, Chironemus marmoratus, Parma alboscapularis, Scorpis violaceus and Kyphosus sydneyanus in barrens habitat. Some of the more common species, including Upeneichthys lineatus, Scorpis lineolatus and Cheilodactylus spectabilis showed no strong consistent effects of these two differing habitats on their distributions. There was, however, a significant Habitat X Locations interaction: effects of habitat did not occur at all locations. Variability was highest at the scale of individual transects and variability from site to site and from location to location was comparable. Spatial variation was large compared to inter-annual variation, which was minimal, and spatial patterns were consistent in the 2 years examined. Further experiments, including manipulations, are required to understand what mechanisms and processes might be driving these patterns. This study, coupled with results from previous studies, suggests that there may be a dynamic inter-play between effects of habitat on fish and effects of fish on biogenic habitat, such as kelp forests. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.