Shelled pteropods in peril: Assessing vulnerability in a high CO2 ocean
Shelled pteropods in peril: Assessing vulnerability in a high CO2 ocean
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DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.04.005
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Ziveri, Patrizia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manno, Clara;Bednarsek, Nina;Ziveri, Patrizia
人为海洋酸化对海洋生态系统的影响是海洋科学家和海洋资源管理者面临的重要问题。真生态翼足类(全浮游腹足类)是一个很好的指示暴露于人为骨性骨性关节炎的哨兵，因为它们的文石壳对不利于钙化的骨性骨性关节炎条件敏感。然而，需要将观察、实验和建模工作结合起来，才能准确预测这些生物体将如何应对未来环境的变化。我们对潜在的生物生物学和生活史的了解还远远不完整，如果我们要完全理解这些有机体对其环境中除OA以外的多种应激源的反应，就必须改进。本文综述了对这些生物的真生态翼足类生物学和生态学的研究和了解现状，并认为有希望的新的实验室方法、仪器方面的进展(例如分子、微量元素、稳定同位素、自主式采样平台的古生物学、CT扫描和高质量的视频记录)以及新的野外方法(即上升流和二氧化碳喷口区域的研究)，这些方法可能使我们能够提高对它们脆弱性和/或复原力的预测能力。除了发挥重要的生态和生物地球化学作用外，翼足类还可以作为人为骨性关节炎的早期指标提供重要价值。应进一步发展这一作为哨兵物种的作用，以巩固其在海洋环境管理政策制定中的潜在用途。
The impact of anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems is a vital concern facing marine scientists and managers of ocean resources. Euthecosomatous pteropods (holoplanktonic gastropods) represent an excellent sentinel for indicating exposure to anthropogenic OA because of the sensitivity of their aragonite shells to the OA conditions less favorable for calcification. However, an integration of observations, experiments and modelling efforts is needed to make accurate predictions of how these organisms will respond to future changes to their environment. Our understanding of the underlying organismal biology and life history is far from complete and must be improved if we are to comprehend fully the responses of these organisms to the multitude of stressors in their environment beyond OA. This review considers the present state of research and understanding of euthecosomatous pteropod biology and ecology of these organisms and considers promising new laboratory methods, advances in instrumentation (such as molecular, trace elements, stable isotopes, palaeobiology alongside autonomous sampling platforms, CT scanning and high-quality video recording) and novel field-based approaches (i.e. studies of upwelling and CO2 vent regions) that may allow us to improve our predictive capacity of their vulnerability and/or resilience. In addition to playing a critical ecological and biogeochemical role, pteropods can offer a significant value as an early-indicator of anthropogenic OA. This role as a sentinel species should be developed further to consolidate their potential use within marine environmental management policy making.