Behavioural responses of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to extracts derived from Melia azedarach and Azadirachta indica
Behavioural responses of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to extracts derived from Melia azedarach and Azadirachta indica
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DOI：
10.1079/ber2005377
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Dicke, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charleston, DS;Kfir, R;Dicke, M
研究了从紫丁香树苦楝树和印楝树提取的三种不同剂量的植物杀虫剂对小菜蛾（小菜蛾）行为的影响。两种植物杀虫剂对幼虫行为均有显著影响。在高剂量的情况下，提取物显示出了摄食威慑作用，幼虫更喜欢未经处理的卷心菜叶子，并且消耗较少的处理过的一半卷心菜叶子。植物性杀虫剂对小菜蛾的产卵行为影响较小。在实验室和温室试验中，用丁香提取物处理过的植株上产卵的卵子明显减少。因此，丁香提取物似乎有驱避作用。相比之下，当暴露于楝树提取物时，蛾对对照植物和处理过的植物没有区别。行为观察表明，尽管紫丁香提取物处理过的白菜产卵数量较少，但与对照白菜相比，紫丁香提取物处理过的白菜更容易被蛾类选中。类似的观察发现，在用楝树处理过的卷心菜中，飞蛾选择中剂量的次数比选择对照的次数更多。产卵和阻食特性是害虫防治的重要因素，本研究的结果表明，植物性杀虫剂有可能被纳入南非小菜蛾的防治规划。
The impact of three different doses of botanical insecticide derived from the syringa tree, Melia azedarach and the neem tree, Azadirachta indica was tested on the behaviour of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus). Both botanical insecticides had a significant impact on larval behaviour. At higher doses the extracts showed feeding deterrent activity, with larvae preferring the untreated sides of cabbage leaves and consuming less of the treated half of cabbage leaves. The botanical insecticides had less of an effect on the oviposition behaviour of P. xylostella moths. In laboratory and glasshouse trials, significantly fewer eggs were oviposited on the plants that had been treated with syringa extracts. Therefore, the syringa extracts appear to have a repellent effect. In contrast, when exposed to the neem extracts the moths did not discriminate between control plants and treated plants. Behavioural observation indicated that, despite the lower number of eggs oviposited on cabbage treated with syringa extracts, the moths chose cabbage treated with the highest dose of syringa more often than they chose control cabbage plants. Similar observations were found in cabbage plants treated with neem, moths chose the medium dose more often than they chose the control. Oviposition and feeding deterrent properties are important factors in pest control, and results from this study indicate that botanical insecticides have the potential to be incorporated into control programmes for P. xylostella in South Africa.