Caveolins and caveolae in ocular physiology and pathophysiology.
Caveolins and caveolae in ocular physiology and pathophysiology.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.09.005
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
17.8
通讯作者：
Elliott MH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu X;Reagan AM;McClellan ME;Elliott MH
小窝是特殊的、内陷的质膜结构域，在形态上和被称为小窝蛋白的标志性蛋白的表达中定义。小窝蛋白和小窝蛋白广泛存在于多种细胞中，包括血管内皮细胞、胶质细胞和成纤维细胞，它们在跨细胞转运、内吞作用、机械转导、细胞增殖、膜脂稳态和信号转导等方面发挥着关键作用。考虑到这些关键的细胞功能，令人惊讶的是，切除小窝细胞器并不会导致致死性，这表明小窝和小窝蛋白在细胞内稳态中发挥着调节作用。囊泡成分也表达于眼细胞类型，包括视网膜血管细胞、Müler胶质细胞、视网膜色素上皮(RPE)、常规房水流出细胞、角膜上皮和内皮细胞以及晶状体上皮细胞。在眼睛方面，对小窝和其他膜微域(即“脂筏”)的研究已经落后于视觉科学之外的大量文献。然而，随着越来越多的证据表明小窝及其分子成分在视觉相关功能中发挥着重要作用，如血-视网膜屏障稳态、眼部炎症信号、病原体进入眼表和房水引流，人们对小窝及其分子成分的兴趣增加了。最近CAV1/2基因座与原发性开角型青光眼和眼压的相关性进一步增强了从眼生理和疾病的角度更好地了解眼窝功能的必要性。在这里，我们提供了第一个全面的文献回顾小窝，小窝蛋白，和其他膜结构域在视觉系统功能的背景下。这篇综述强调了小凹结构域及其成分在眼生理和病理生理学中的重要性，并强调有必要更好地了解这些重要的细胞功能调节因子。
Caveolae are specialized, invaginated plasma membrane domains that are defined morphologically and by the expression of signature proteins called, caveolins. Caveolae and caveolins are abundant in a variety of cell types including vascular endothelium, glia, and fibroblasts where they play critical roles in transcellular transport, endocytosis, mechanotransduction, cell proliferation, membrane lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction. Given these critical cellular functions, it is surprising that ablation of the caveolae organelle does not result in lethality suggesting instead that caveolae and caveolins play modulatory roles in cellular homeostasis. Caveolar components are also expressed in ocular cell types including retinal vascular cells, Müller glia, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), conventional aqueous humor outflow cells, the corneal epithelium and endothelium, and the lens epithelium. In the eye, studies of caveolae and other membrane microdomains (i.e., “lipid rafts”) have lagged behind what is a substantial body of literature outside vision science. However, interest in caveolae and their molecular components has increased with accumulating evidence of important roles in vision-related functions such as blood-retinal barrier homeostasis, ocular inflammatory signalling, pathogen entry at the ocular surface, and aqueous humor drainage. The recent association of CAV1/2 gene loci with primary open angle glaucoma and intraocular pressure has further enhanced the need to better understand caveolar functions in the context of ocular physiology and disease. Herein, we provide the first comprehensive review of literature on caveolae, caveolins, and other membrane domains in the context of visual system function. This review highlights the importance of caveolae domains and their components in ocular physiology and pathophysiology and emphasizes the need to better understand these important modulators of cellular function.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Berta AI;Kiss AL;Lukáts A;Szabó A;Szél A
通讯作者：
Szél A