Experimental transmission of Pospiviroid Populations to weed species characteristic of potato and hop fields
Experimental transmission of Pospiviroid Populations to weed species characteristic of potato and hop fields
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.01165-07
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Riesner, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matousek, J.;Orctova, L.;Riesner, D.
马铃薯和啤酒花田特有的杂草植物过去没有被认为是可能传播和导致马铃薯纺锤块茎（PSTVd）和啤酒花矮化（HSVd）类病毒传播的潜在宿主。为了深入了解这个问题，我们用类病毒群体作为RNA或cDNA对这些杂草进行了生物接种。在中欧发现了新的潜在类病毒宿主物种。从马铃薯地特有的12种杂草中，通过分子杂交检测到，在RNA和DNA转移后，洋甘菊和洋甘菊都保持了较高的类病毒水平。用cDNA接种维罗妮卡（Veronica argensis）和苋菜（Amaranthus retroflexus）后，类病毒水平维持在较低水平，仅能通过逆转录pcr检测到。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，这两种植物的PSTVd浓度分别比番茄低10(5)倍和10(3)倍。从14株酒花田特有的杂草中，经RNA和DNA转移后，在毛缕草中检测到较高的HSVd水平。然而，发现HSVd不能通过这种杂草的种子传播。用RT-PCR方法在接种HSVd- cdna的逆转录苋菜中检测到微量HSVd。在高水平繁殖类病毒的杂草提取物中存在典型的单体（+）环状和线性类病毒RNA，表明这些杂草中有规律的类病毒RNA复制、加工和环状化。对C. reculita和a . arvensis中传播的PSTVd后代的序列分析显示，与不同菌株相关的变异范围很广，从轻微变异到致死变异；从逆转录弧菌和阿根廷弧菌中分离出的序列变异与AS1超致死性类病毒变异具有相似性或同一性。所有来自纤毛草的HSVd克隆都对应于一种HSVdg变体，该变体对欧洲啤酒花具有很强的致病性。
Weed plants characteristic for potato and hop fields have not been considered in the past as potential hosts that could transmit and lead to spreading of potato spindle tuber (PSTVd) and hop stunt (HSVd) viroids, respectively. To gain insight into this problem, we biolistically inoculated these weed plants with viroid populations either as RNA or as cDNA. New potential viroid host species, collected in central Europe, were discovered. From 12 weed species characteristic for potato fields, high viroid levels, detectable by molecular hybridization, were maintained after both RNA and DNA transfers in Chamomilla reculita and Anthemis arvensis. Low viroid levels, detectable by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) only, were maintained after plant inoculations with cDNA in Veronica argensis and Amaranthus retroflexus. In these two species PSTVd concentrations were 10(5) and 10(3) times, respectively, lower than in tomato as estimated by real-time PCR. From 14 weeds characteristic for hop fields, high HSVd levels were detected in Galinsoga ciliata after both RNA and DNA transfers. HSVd was found, however, not to be transmissible by seeds of this weed species. Traces of HSVd were detectable by RT-PCR in HSVd-cDNA-inoculated Amaranthus retroflexus. Characteristic monomeric (+)-circular and linear viroid RNAs were present in extracts from weed species propagating viroids to high levels, indicating regular replication, processing, and circularization of viroid RNA in these weed species. Sequence analyses of PSTVd progenies propagated in C. reculita and A. arvensis showed a wide spectrum of variants related to various strains, from mild to lethal variants; the sequence variants isolated from A. retroflexus and V. argensis exhibited similarity or identity to the superlethal AS1 viroid variant. All HSVd clones from G. ciliata corresponded to a HSVdg variant, which is strongly pathogenic for European hops.