Assessment of risks and benefits in the use of flame retardants in upholstered furniture in continental Europe
Assessment of risks and benefits in the use of flame retardants in upholstered furniture in continental Europe
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DOI：
10.1016/j.firesaf.2009.03.009
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Barbosa, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chivas, C.;Guillaume, E.;Barbosa, V.
本综述的原创性在于通过对整个生命周期的风险评估，评估欧洲大陆在软体家具中使用阻燃剂所带来的风险和益处。本文研究了目前欧洲大陆市场上与软体家具中使用阻燃剂相关的各种风险的文献：与工人在生产过程中接触阻燃剂有关的风险。在正常生活条件下的住宅中接触阻燃剂的风险，这主要导致吸入在内部空气中释放的累积阻燃剂，和/或或物质迁移以及皮肤接触污染。回收制成品时有排放有毒气体的危险。有毒气体排放加剧的危险如属香烟或火柴在软垫家具上引致意外火警的情况，不论该软垫家具是否属阻燃的。CBUF计划、LNE和欧洲研究计划的研究对选定的阻燃或非阻燃软垫家具在火灾期间释放的急性毒物（CO、CO（2）、NO（x）、HCl、HBr、HCN、SO（2））的排放和水平进行了研究。对于常见的阻燃剂，已编写了数据表，以评估完整的风险平衡。这涉及到接触含有阻燃剂的产品以及接触其燃烧产物对健康的长期影响。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The originality of this review is to evaluate the risks and benefits induced by the use of flame retardants in upholstered furniture in continental Europe, throughout an assessment of the risks over the whole life cycle.This paper examines the currently available literature on the various risks linked to the use of flame retardants in upholstered furniture in the continental European market:Risk linked to the exposure of workers to flame retardants during manufacture.Risk of exposure to flame retardants in dwelling houses under normal living conditions, which mainly results in inhalation of accumulated flame retardants released in the interior air and/or in migration of substances as well as contamination by skin contact.Risk of emission of toxic gases when manufactured products are recycled.Risk of aggravated emissions of toxic gases in the case of accidental fires caused by cigarettes or matches on upholstered furniture, whether it is flame retarded or not. The CBUF program, as well as studies from the LNE and a European research program, has studied the emission and level of acute toxicants (CO, CO(2), NO(x), HCl, HBr, HCN, SO(2)) released by selected flame-retarded or not upholstered furniture during fire.A methodology has been proposed to estimate the risks and benefits of flame retardants used in upholstered furniture, within the life cycle risk assessment. For common flame retardants, data sheets have been written in order to evaluate the complete risk balance. This concerns the long-term impact on health of exposure to products containing flame retardants, as well as from exposure to their fire effluents. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.