Reproductive Genetics, Gender and the Body: `Please Doctor, may I have a Normal Baby?'
Reproductive Genetics, Gender and the Body: `Please Doctor, may I have a Normal Baby?'
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生殖遗传学、性别和身体：“请问医生，我可以生一个正常的婴儿吗？”
DOI：
10.1177/s0038038500000262
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
E. Ettorre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Ettorre
本文的目的是强调当“身体”成为生殖遗传学理论场所时所暴露出来的关键社会学问题。通过将身体定位为这一分析的中心特征，本文：（1）描述了身体的机械观如何继续在这一话语中占据特权，以及这种观点的影响； (2) 审视如何通过生殖禁欲主义的女性化制度和关于羞耻的话语对性别身体实行生殖限制； (3) 探讨生殖遗传学与残疾（作为受损身体的文化表征）相关的社会影响和局限性。关于生殖遗传学的核心假设是，它出现在监视医学中，作为社会创建遗传道德秩序的纪律过程的一部分，它是由专家动员起来管理生殖身体的，并且它构建了对身体的有限看法。因此，生殖遗传学的运作方式往往掩盖了这样一个事实，即可能出现的“缺陷基因”不仅是身体与环境相互作用的结果，而且是由差异以及健康和疾病的严格定义所强调的性别社会实践的结果。该研究来自 1995-96 年对四个国家的专家进行的一项欧洲研究。
This paper's purpose is to highlight key sociological issues, that come to light when `the body' becomes a theoretical site in reproductive genetics. By positioning the body as a central feature in this analysis, the paper: (1) describes how a mechanistic view of the body continues to be privileged in this discourse and the effects of this view; (2) examines how reproductive limits are practised on the gendered body through a feminised regime of reproductive asceticism and the discourse on shame; and (3) explores the social effects and limitations of reproductive genetics in relation to disability as a cultural representation of impaired bodies. The central assumptions concerning reproductive genetics are that it appears within surveillance medicine as part of a disciplinary process in society's creation of a genetic moral order, that it is mobilised by experts for the management of reproductive bodies and that it constructs a limited view of the body. Thus, the way reproductive genetics operates tends to hide the fact that what may appear as `defective genes' is a result of a body's interaction not only with the environment but also gendered social practices valorised by difference as well as rigid definitions of health and illness. The research is from a 1995-96 European study of experts interviewed in four countries.