The effects of woodland habitat and biogeography on blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus territory occupancy and productivity along a 220 km transect
The effects of woodland habitat and biogeography on blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus territory occupancy and productivity along a 220 km transect
复制标题
林地栖息地和生物地理对 220 公里样带蓝山雀领地占用和生产力的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Albert B. Phillimore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jack D. Shutt;M. Bolton;Irene Benedicto Cabello;M. Burgess;Albert B. Phillimore
山雀等洞巢林地雀形目鸟类的筑巢物候和生产力一直是许多研究的主题，并在促进我们对营养错配的原因和后果的理解方面发挥了核心作用。然而，由于大多数研究都是在成熟的橡木资源丰富的栎属(Quercus sp.)关于林地，目前尚不清楚这类研究的见解是否适用于林地多面手物种所使用的其他栖息地。在这里，我们将空间混合模型应用于三年(2014-2016)收集的数据，这些数据来自苏格兰220公里样带上40个地点的238个巢箱，这些地点的林地栖息地和海拔不同。我们评估了栖息地、生物地理和食物可获得性作为预测蓝山雀巢箱占有率和生产力的两个组成部分(窝卵大小和雏鸟成活率)站点间中尺度差异的重要性。我们发现，栖息地并不是占用率或窝卵大小的显著预测因子，但占用率表现出明显的生物地理趋势，随着纬度和海拔的增加而下降。然而，幼龄成活率与白桦树、橡树和梧桐树的立地可获得性以及树木的多样性呈正相关。栖息地对雏鸟成功的影响与占有率和产卵量之间缺乏对应关系，这可能表明蓝山雀在选择区域和产卵时不能准确预测其繁殖地未来的质量。我们几乎没有发现空间自相关性在占用率或产卵量上的证据，而在羽翼未丰的成功中，空间自相关性扩展到多个地点，尽管不显著。综上所述，我们的发现表明，不同栖息地的繁殖决定和繁殖结果之间的关系是不同的，我们敦促在从一个栖息地向其他栖息地推断时要谨慎。
The nesting phenology and productivity of hole‐nesting woodland passerines, such as tit species (Paridae), has been the subject of many studies and played a central role in advancing our understanding of the causes and consequences of trophic mismatch. However, as most studies have been conducted in mature, oak‐rich (Quercus sp.) woodlands, it is unknown whether insights from such studies generalise to other habitats used by woodland generalist species. Here we applied spatial mixed models to data collected over three years (2014–2016) from 238 nestboxes across 40 sites – that vary in woodland habitat and elevation – along a 220 km transect in Scotland. We evaluate the importance of habitat, biogeography and food availability as predictors of mesoscale among‐site variation in blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus nestbox occupancy and two components of productivity (clutch size and fledging success). We found that habitat was not a significant predictor of occupancy or clutch size but that occupancy exhibited pronounced biogeographic trends, declining with increasing latitude and elevation. However, fledging success, defined as the proportion of a clutch that fledged, was positively correlated with site level availability of birch, oak and sycamore, and tree diversity. The lack of correspondence between the effects of habitat on fledging success versus occupancy and clutch size may indicate that blue tits do not accurately predict the future quality of their breeding sites when selecting territories and laying clutches. We found little evidence of spatial autocorrelation in occupancy or clutch size, whereas spatial autocorrelation in fledging success extends over multiple sites, albeit non‐significantly. Taken together, our findings suggest that the relationship between breeding decisions and breeding outcomes varies among habitats, and we urge caution when extrapolating inferences from one habitat to others.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker
通讯作者：
Douglas M. Bates;M. Maechler;Ben Bolker;Steven C. Walker