Hypercontractivity of spherical averages in Hamming space

Hypercontractivity of spherical averages in Hamming space
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汉明空间中球面平均的超收缩性

DOI:
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
0.8
通讯作者:
Yury Polyanskiy
Yury Polyanskiy
中科院分区:
数学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yury Polyanskiy

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考虑二元超立方体上函数的线性空间和线性算子 $S_delta$,其作用是对每个点周围半径为 $delta n$ 的汉明球上的函数进行平均。结果表明,该运算符在范数 $L_p o L_2$ 上具有与维度无关的界限,其中 $p = 1+(1-2delta)^2$。这个结果显然与伯努利噪声卷积算子的 $L_p o L_q$ 范数的 Bonami 和 Gross 的经典估计相似。 $S_delta$ 的估计更难获得,因为后者既不是半群的一部分,也不是张量幂。结果通过对傅里叶乘数算子 $Pi_a$ 的 $S_delta$ 和 $L_p o L_2$ 范数的特征值的详细研究得出,其符号等于半径为 $a$ 的汉明球的特征函数(采用布尔分析中常见的符号 $Pi_a f=f^{=a}$,其中 $f^{=a}$ 是函数 $f$ 的度 $a$ 分量)。给出了结果的示例应用:任何具有 $A+A$ 包含某个汉明球的大部分(以重数计算)属性的集合 $Asubset FF_2^n$ 的基数必须为 $2^n$ 的常量倍数。
Consider the linear space of functions on the binary hypercube and the linear operator $S_delta$ acting by averaging a function over a Hamming sphere of radius $delta n$ around every point. It is shown that this operator has a dimension-independent bound on the norm $L_p o L_2$ with $p = 1+(1-2delta)^2$. This result evidently parallels a classical estimate of Bonami and Gross for $L_p o L_q$ norms for the operator of convolution with a Bernoulli noise. The estimate for $S_delta$ is harder to obtain since the latter is neither a part of a semigroup, nor a tensor power. The result is shown by a detailed study of the eigenvalues of $S_delta$ and $L_p o L_2$ norms of the Fourier multiplier operators $Pi_a$ with symbol equal to a characteristic function of the Hamming sphere of radius $a$ (in the notation common in boolean analysis $Pi_a f=f^{=a}$, where $f^{=a}$ is a degree-$a$ component of function $f$). A sample application of the result is given: Any set $Asubset FF_2^n$ with the property that $A+A$ contains a large portion of some Hamming sphere (counted with multiplicity) must have cardinality a constant multiple of $2^n$.