Spontaneous atherosclerosis and diet in captive animals.
Spontaneous atherosclerosis and diet in captive animals.
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圈养动物的自发性动脉粥样硬化和饮食。
DOI：
10.1159/000174723
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发表时间：
1961
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Delcourt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Vastesaeger;R. Delcourt
我们首先观察了安特卫普动物园死亡的250只圈养脊椎动物的心脏和冠状动脉，并检查了其中30只标本的动脉。对在自然栖息地被杀死的36只欧洲和非洲野生哺乳动物的动脉和冠状动脉进行了类似的研究。另一方面，10只强饲鹅的冠状动脉和主动脉均未显示任何动脉粥样硬化，尽管血清胆固醇水平相当高。最后，60只年轻圈养黑猩猩的血清胆固醇水平介于120 mg和470 mg%之间，胆固醇水平与年龄，性别或圈养时间无关。从这些观察，可以得出结论：1。自发性动脉粥样硬化可能发生在：a）饮食完全不含任何动物脂肪的圈养动物; B）饮食脂肪不仅来自植物，而且大部分是不饱和脂肪的圈养动物; c）饮食脂肪仅为高度不饱和鱼类脂肪（派力肯）的圈养动物。2.即使在暴露于自发性动脉粥样硬化发展的动物中，强制喂食不饱和脂肪也必然会诱导动脉粥样硬化的发展3。年轻的圈养黑猩猩喂纯素食可能会发展高胆固醇血症。我们在动脉粥样硬化自然史领域的观察积累了大量证据，证明没有绝对的关系，也没有统一的关系（适用于每一种脊椎动物物种，以及给定物种中的每一个个体）：a）饮食脂肪的起源或化学性质与胆固醇血症之间; B）胆固醇血症与动脉粥样硬化的发展之间。我们认为，在胆固醇血症和动脉粥样硬化的发展中，最重要的不是膳食脂肪的本质，而是它们在不同物种和个体中的代谢方式。
Our observations were made at first on the hearts and coronary arteries of 250 captive vertebrates which died in the Zoo of Antwerp; the aortas of 30 of these specimens were also examined. Analogous investigations were performed on the aortas and coronary arteries of 36 wild mammals of Europe and Africa killed in their natural habitat. On the other hand, neither the coronary arteries nor the aorta of 10 forced-fed geese showed any atherosclerosis, in spite of a fairly high serum cholesterol level. Lastly, the serum cholesterol level of 60 young captive chimpanzees ranged between 120 mg and 470 mg%, without any relationship between cholesterol level and age, sex or length of captivity. From these observations, it can be concluded that: 1. Spontaneous atherosclerosis may develop: a) in captive animals whose diet is completely free from any animal fat; b) in captive animals whose dietary fats are not only of vegetable origin, but also mostly unsaturated; c) in captive animals whose only dietary fats are highly unsaturated fish fats (pelican). 2. Even in animals exposed to the development of spontaneous atherosclerosis, force feeding with unsaturated fats does necessarily induce the development of atherosclerosis 3. Young captive chimpanzees fed a mere vegetarian diet may develop hypercholest rolemia. Our observations in the field of the natural history of atherosclerosis bring accumulated evidence that there is no absolute relationship and no uniform relationship (that is applicable to every vertebrate species, and to every individual in a given species): a) between the origin or the chemical nature of dietary fats and cholesterolemia; b) between cholesterolemia and the development of atherosclerosis. In our opinion, it is not essentially the nature of dietary fats, but rather the way they are metabolised in different species and individuals that is most important in the development of cholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.