What Is the Confusion With Cortisol?
What Is the Confusion With Cortisol?
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DOI：
10.1177/2470547019833647
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McEwen, Bruce S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McEwen, Bruce S
皮质醇不仅在介导应激反应中，而且在昼夜节律中具有许多作用，并且其通过基因组和非基因组细胞和分子机制来实现。然而，人们通常只把皮质醇与压力联系在一起，特别是与压力的消极方面联系在一起，即使没有它我们就无法生存。这篇评论不仅简要概述了皮质醇的各种作用，而且还介绍了如何测量皮质醇，以便在压力和适应的其他介质以及非稳态和非稳态负荷和超负荷概念的背景下获得有意义的信息。特别是，糖皮质激素和兴奋性氨基酸介导的大脑的适应性可塑性进行了讨论有关什么构成脑损伤的误解。因此，与皮质醇的混淆是，它做了太多重要的事情，无论是积极的还是消极的！
Cortisol has many roles not only in mediating the response to stress but also in the circadian rhythm, and it does so by both genomic and nongenomic cellular and molecular mechanisms. Yet, it is common to associate cortisol only with stress and, in particular, with the negative aspects of stress even though we would not survive without it. This commentary provides a brief overview not only of the diverse roles of cortisol but also of how to measure it to get meaningful information in the context of other mediators of stress and adaptation and the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load and overload. In particular, the adaptive plasticity of the brain mediated by glucocorticoids and excitatory amino acids is discussed in relation to misconceptions about what constitutes brain damage. Thus the confusion with cortisol is that it does too many important things both positive and negative!