HIGH-FREQUENCY PERMITTIVITY AND ITS USE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF SOLUTION PROPERTIES
HIGH-FREQUENCY PERMITTIVITY AND ITS USE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF SOLUTION PROPERTIES
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DOI：
10.1351/pac199163101473
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发表时间：
1991-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
BUCHNER, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARTHEL, J;BUCHNER, R
从微波到远红外频率的介电常数测量的最新结果报道了各种液体电解质和非电解质系统。它们扩大了我们对产生纯溶剂、溶剂混合物和溶液性质的过程（通过定向、分子内、动力学、氢键、扩散和迁移模式的复杂相互作用）的知识。质子溶剂表现出三个弛豫过程：被扰动的溶剂结构的重新建立，溶剂分子作为单体和在h键链或网络中的“分子内”旋转，以及由于h键动力学导致的约1 ps的非常短的弛豫时间。非质子溶剂表现出或多或少连续的松弛时间分布。溶剂混合物表现出与其组分性质有关的特殊行为。盐的加入会影响溶剂的弛豫时间，但自由离子不会产生新的模式。相反，离子对和其他溶质复合物充当偶极子并显示特定的弛豫过程。高频介电常数测量的信息用于基础和应用研究所需的溶液性质的解释和计算。
Recent results from permittivity measurements at microwave to far-infrared frequencies are reported for various liquid electrolyte and non-electrolyte systems. They enlarge our knowledge on processes which produce (by their complex interplay of orientational, intramolecular, kinetic, H-bonding, diffusional and migrational modes) the properties of pure solvents, solvent mixtures and solutions.Protic solvents show three relaxational processes: re-establishment of the perturbed solvent structure, "intramolecular" rotation of solvent molecules as monomers and in H-bonded chains or networks, and very short relaxation times of about 1 ps due to H-bond dynamics. Aprotic solvents display a more or less continuous relaxation time distribution. Solvent mixtures show a particular behaviour related to the properties of their constituents. The addition of salt affects the relaxation times of the solvents, but no new modes are generated by free ions. In contrast, ion pairs and other solute complexes act as dipoles and display specific relaxation processes.Information from high frequency permittivity measurements is used to explanation and calculation of solution properties required by fundamental and applied research.