Facial expressions of emotion reveal neuroendocrine and cardiovascular stress responses
Facial expressions of emotion reveal neuroendocrine and cardiovascular stress responses
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.016
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发表时间：
2007-01-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Taylor, Shelley E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lerner, Jennifer S.;Dahl, Ronald E.;Taylor, Shelley E.
背景：压力的经典概念涉及未分化。目前的研究假设了一个新的概念，将压力分解为情绪特异性的、对比的生物反应模式。具体地说，它假设了愤怒(包括愤怒和厌恶)与恐惧的不同模式。此外，它还假设这些情绪的面部表情会发出相应的生物应激反应信号。方法：对9名成年受试者进行恼人的下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴反应(即皮质醇)、情绪表达(即面部肌肉运动)和主观情绪体验，评估对应激源的特定情绪反应的差异。面部表情分析结果：显著的个体差异表明，个体对应激源表现出的恐惧越多，他们对压力的心血管和皮质醇反应就越高。相反，个体在应对相同应激源时表现出的愤怒越多，他们的皮质醇水平和心血管反应就越低。结论：面部表情传达了对压力的生物反应。恐惧表情表明皮质醇和心血管反应性升高，愤怒信号减弱皮质醇和心血管反应性，暗示个体差异的模式可以从这种压力评估的差异中得知。而不是将压力概念化为广义的负面情绪--应对压力的特殊方法。
Background: The classic conception of stress involves undifferentiated present study hypothesized a new conception, disaggregating stress into emotion-specific, contrasting patterns of biological response. Specifically, it hypothesized contrasting patterns for indignation (comprised of anger and disgust) versus fear. Moreover, it hypothesized that facial expressions of these emotions would signal corresponding biological stress responses. ficult stress-challenge tasks, during which cardiovascular responses.Methods: Niney-two adults engaged in annoyingly clef hypothalamic-pituitary-adreoconical (HPA) axis responses (i.e., cortisol), emotional expressions (i.e., facial muscle movements), and subjective emotional experience were assessed differences emerged in specific emotional responses to the stressors. Analyses of facial expressionsResults: Pronounced individual differences revealed that the more fear individuals displayed in response to the stressors, the higher their cardiovascular and cortisol responses to stress. By contrast, the more indignation individuals displayed in response to the same stressors the lower their cortisol levels and cardiovascular responses.Conclusions: Facial expressions of emotion signal biological responses to stress. Fear expressions signal elevated cortisol and cardiovascular reactivity, indignation signals attenuated cortisol and cardiovascular reactivity, patterns that implicate individual differences can be informed by this differences in stress appraisals. Rather than conceptualizing stress as generalized negative emotion-specffic approach to stress responses.