Differences in Frontal Network Anatomy Across Primate Species
Differences in Frontal Network Anatomy Across Primate Species
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1650-18.2019
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发表时间：
2020-03-04
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Catani, Marco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barrett, Rachel L. C.;Dawson, Matthew;Catani, Marco
额叶是人类认知和行为的独特方面的核心。一些比较研究将这与人类比其他灵长类动物更大的额叶皮层和更大的额叶白质联系起来，但其他研究对这些发现提出了质疑。研究之间的差异可以通过量化物种间体积差异的方法的局限性来解释，特别是在应用于白质连接时。在这项研究中，我们使用一种新颖的纤维束成像方法来证明，额叶网络在额叶内外延伸，占人类大脑白质总量的 66%，在三种猴子中占 48%：黑长尾猴 (Chlorocebus aethiops)、恒河猴 (Macaca mulatta) 和食蟹猴 (Macaca fasciculis)，均为雄性。猿猴与人类的额叶束体积比例差异对于投射束、连合束以及叶内和叶间关联束而言显着。在长关联束中，差异最大的是涉及运动计划、听觉记忆、感觉信息自上而下控制和视觉空间注意力的束，而对于情绪处理和社会行为很重要的额叶边缘束没有显着差异。此外，我们发现人类的非额叶束（前连合）的体积分数较小，这表明人类额叶连接体积过大伴随着一些非额叶连接比例的减少。这些发现支持了人类进化过程中大脑连接整体重新排列的假设。
The frontal lobe is central to distinctive aspects of human cognition and behavior. Some comparative studies link this to a larger frontal cortex and even larger frontal white matter in humans compared with other primates, yet others dispute these findings. The discrepancies between studies could be explained by limitations of the methods used to quantify volume differences across species, especially when applied to white matter connections. In this study, we used a novel tractography approach to demonstrate that frontal lobe networks, extending within and beyond the frontal lobes, occupy 66% of total brain white matter in humans and 48% in three monkey species: vervets (Chlorocebus aethiops), rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis), all male. The simian-human differences in proportional frontal tract volume were significant for projection, commissural, and both intralobar and interlobar association tracts. Among the long association tracts, the greatest difference was found for tracts involved in motor planning, auditory memory, top-down control of sensory information, and visuospatial attention, with no significant differences in frontal limbic tracts important for emotional processing and social behaviour. In addition, we found that a nonfrontal tract, the anterior commissure, had a smaller volume fraction in humans, suggesting that the disproportionally large volume of human frontal lobe connections is accompanied by a reduction in the proportion of some nonfrontal connections. These findings support a hypothesis of an overall rearrangement of brain connections during human evolution.