Mast cells in allergic airway disease and chronic rhinosinusitis
Mast cells in allergic airway disease and chronic rhinosinusitis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1159/000087639
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pawankar, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pawankar, R
传统知识告诉我们，肥大细胞只在急性ige介导的反应中起重要作用，如过敏反应、哮喘和鼻炎。然而，近年来，越来越多的证据表明肥大细胞在过敏性炎症中的多种作用。在这里，我们描述了肥大细胞在晚期过敏反应和慢性过敏性炎症中的新的和潜在的作用。变应性鼻炎和哮喘患者肥大细胞产生Th2型细胞因子，诱导B细胞合成IgE，并可通过肥大细胞IgE- fc ε silon RI级联自激活自身。此外，肥大细胞上调上皮细胞和成纤维细胞中多种细胞因子/趋化因子的产生，诱导嗜碱性粒细胞、T细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞聚集到过敏性炎症部位及其自身的上皮内积聚。此外，肥大细胞表达MMPs并与细胞外基质蛋白和ASM相互作用，可能在鼻腔和支气管高反应性以及组织重塑中发挥作用。在伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎中，肥大细胞的潜在作用不仅在协调嗜酸性粒细胞炎症中，而且通过Fc ε silon RI和TLR介导的激活在鼻息肉形成的发生和延续中也越来越引起人们的兴趣。版权所有(c) 2005 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。
Conventional knowledge tells us that mast cells are only important in the acute IgE-mediated reactions as seen in anaphylaxis, asthma and rhinitis. Yet, in recent years, much evidence has accumulated on the versatile role of mast cells in allergic inflammation. Here, we describe the novel and potential roles ofmast cells in the late phase allergic reaction as well as in chronic allergicinflammation. Mast cells in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma produce Th2 type cytokines, induce IgE synthesis in B cells and can autoactivate itself via the mast cell-IgE-Fc epsilon RI cascade. In addition, mast cells upregulate the production of a variety of cytokines/chemokines in epithelial cells and fibroblasts and induce the recruitment of basophils, T cells and eosinophils into sites of allergic inflammation as well as their own intraepithelial accumulation. Furthermore, mast cells express MMPs and interact with extracellular matrix proteins and ASM and may play a role in nasal and bronchial hyperresponsiveness as well as tissue remodelling. In chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, the potential role of mast cells not only in orchestrating eosinophilic inflammation but also in the genesis and perpetuation of nasal polyp formation via Fc epsilon RI and TLR mediated activation is also of growing interest. Copyright (c) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.