Observing a quantum Maxwell demon at work
Observing a quantum Maxwell demon at work
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1704827114
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发表时间：
2017-07-18
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Huard, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cottet, Nathanael;Jezouin, Sebastien;Huard, Benjamin
与热力学定律明显矛盾的是，麦克斯韦的恶魔能够循环地从与热浴接触的系统中提取功，利用关于其微观状态的信息。要解决这个悖论，就必须认识到信息和热力学之间存在着密切的关系。在这里，我们实现了一个麦克斯韦恶魔实验，跟踪在经典和量子制度的每个组成部分的状态。恶魔是一个微波腔，它编码关于超导量子比特的量子信息，并通过受激发射为传播的微波脉冲供电来将信息转换为功。由于超导电路的高水平控制，我们直接测量提取的功并量化恶魔记忆中剩余的熵。这个实验为热力学与量子信息的相互作用提供了一个有启发性的说明。
In apparent contradiction to the laws of thermodynamics, Maxwell's demon is able to cyclically extract work from a system in contact with a thermal bath, exploiting the information about its microstate. The resolution of this paradox required the insight that an intimate relationship exists between information and thermodynamics. Here, we realize a Maxwell demon experiment that tracks the state of each constituent in both the classical and quantum regimes. The demon is a microwave cavity that encodes quantum information about a superconducting qubit and converts information into work by powering up a propagating microwave pulse by stimulated emission. Thanks to the high level of control of superconducting circuits, we directly measure the extracted work and quantify the entropy remaining in the demon's memory. This experiment provides an enlightening illustration of the interplay of thermodynamics with quantum information.