CPS-Xen: A Virtual Execution Environment for Cyber-Physical Applications
CPS-Xen: A Virtual Execution Environment for Cyber-Physical Applications
复制标题
CPS-Xen：网络物理应用程序的虚拟执行环境
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-16086-3_9
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
O. Spinczyk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Jablkowski;O. Spinczyk
虚拟化技术的应用范围不断扩大。工作量合并的可能性，方便的系统管理，容错性能和成本降低是使这种技术如此有趣的原因。因此，有理由将其应用领域扩展到网络物理系统（CPS）领域。不幸的是，通过虚拟化在单个服务器上集成多个CPS并不是一项简单的任务。在这个领域中，必须满足关键任务的实时约束，以避免损坏甚至灾难，而虚拟化最初并不是为了科普这些要求而设计的。在本文中，我们介绍了CPS-Xen，这是一个用于执行虚拟化安全关键CPS应用程序的平台。CPS-Xen基于Xen-Hypervisor -一种流行的开源虚拟机监视器（VMM）。我们扩展的VMM与实时调度器实现的速率单调（RM）调度策略，并表明，优化VMM调度单独是不够的，作为I/O调度引入延迟和优先级反转的VM的调度。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一个架构，协同工作的两个服务器。最后，在整个广泛的一组实验所提出的架构，以满足-即使在高CPU负载和多达36个并发虚拟机-硬实时要求的CPS应用程序。
The range of applications for virtualization technology grows continually. The possibility of workload consolidation, the facilitated system administration, the fault-tolerance properties and cost reduction are what renders this technique so interesting. Thus, it stands to reason to expand its field of application to the domain of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). Unfortunately, the integration of multiple CPS on a single server by means of virtualization is not a straightforward task. In this domain, real-time constraints of critical tasks have to be satisfied, in order to avoid damage or even a catastrophe, and virtualization was initially not designed to cope with such requirements. In this article we present CPS-Xen, a platform for executing virtualized safety-critical CPS applications. CPS-Xen is based upon the Xen-Hypervisor - a popular open-source Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). We extend the VMM with a real-time scheduler implementing the rate-monotonic (RM) scheduling policy and show that optimizing the VMM-scheduler alone is not enough, as the I/O-scheduling introduces delays and priority inversion in the scheduling of the VMs. In order to solve this issue, we propose an architecture that synergizes the work of both schedulers. Finally, throughout an extensive set of experiments the proposed architecture is shown to fulfill – even under high CPU load and up to 36 concurrent VMs – the hard real-time requirements of CPS applications.
超越软网
DOI：
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
Annual Linux Showcase & Conference
影响因子：
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作者：
Jamal Hadi Salim;R. Olsson;A. Kuznetsov
通讯作者：
A. Kuznetsov