Neurogenic and endothelial nitric oxide regulates blood circulation in lingual and other oral tissues
Neurogenic and endothelial nitric oxide regulates blood circulation in lingual and other oral tissues
复制标题
神经源性和内皮性一氧化氮调节舌和其他口腔组织的血液循环
DOI：
10.1097/fjc.0b013e318252452a
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Okamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toda;Ayajiki;Okamura
口腔组织（包括舌、唾液腺、牙龈、牙髓和唇）中的血流在调节涉及食物摄入的复杂口腔功能中起重要作用。口腔组织循环由主要存在于副交感血管扩张神经元中的神经元型NO合酶和内皮型NO合酶合成的一氧化氮（NO）调节。电刺激副交感神经可引起多种哺乳动物舌、下颌下腺和唇的血管扩张和血流量增加。从日本猴中分离的舌动脉对由电脉冲和尼古丁引起的血管周围神经刺激作出反应，并通过神经源性NO介导松弛。有证据支持这一假设，即上级流涎核通过膝状神经节和岩大神经向翼腭神经节传递中枢信息，翼腭神经节通过氮能神经向口腔组织发出脉冲。内皮NO不仅在静息状态下，而且在舌、下颂腺和腮腺、牙髓/牙龈和颊囊中的化学和物理刺激激活的条件下，在改善口腔血液循环中也起重要作用。通过最大限度地减少导致内皮和神经源性NO生物利用度受损的因素来维持口腔循环的健康对于预防生活方式相关疾病将是重要的。
Blood flow in oral tissues, including the tongue, salivary glands, gingiva, dental pulp, and lip, plays an important role in modulating the complex oral functions involved in food intake. Oral tissue circulation is regulated by nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by neuronal NO synthase mainly present in parasympathetic vasodilator neurons and also by endothelial NO sythase. Electrical stimulation of parasympathetic nerves causes vasodilatation and blood flow increase in the tongue, submandibular gland, and lip in various mammals in vitro and in vivo. Lingual arteries isolated from Japanese monkeys respond to perivascular nerve stimulation by electrical pulses and nicotine with relaxations that are mediated via neurogenic NO. There is evidence supporting the hypothesis that the superior salivatory nucleus delivers central information through the geniculate ganglion and greater petrosal nerve to the pterygopalatine ganglion, which sends off impulses through nitrergic nerves to oral tissues. Endothelial NO also plays an important role in improving oral blood circulation not only in resting conditions but also under conditions activated by chemical and physical stimuli in the tongue, submandibular and parotid glands, dental pulp/gingiva, and cheek pouch. Maintenance of health in oral circulation by minimizing factors responsible for impairment of endothelial and neurogenic NO bioavailability would be important for the prophylaxis of life-style related diseases.