[Clinical analysis of 1059 patients with taste disorders].
[Clinical analysis of 1059 patients with taste disorders].
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1059例味觉障碍患者临床分析[J].
DOI：
10.3950/jibiinkoka.116.77
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Sakagami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Akiko Sakaguchi;T. Nin;H. Oka;Emi Maeda;Atsushi Negoro;M. Umemoto;M. Sakagami
味觉障碍是由多种因素引起的，关于味觉障碍临床病程的报道很少。本研究将味觉障碍患者按病因分为10组，对治疗效果进行回顾性研究。我们诊所总共对 1059 名主诉味觉障碍的患者（412 名男性和 647 名女性，平均年龄：60.0 岁）进行了检查。患者被询问有关症状史的详细问题，并使用抑郁自评量表评估他们的情绪状态。所有受试者的味觉功能均通过味觉测定法 (EGM) 和滤纸盘 (FPD) 进行测量。他们的症状等级通过视觉模拟评分（VAS）进行评估。此外，还检查了血清铁、铜和锌的水平。根据引起味觉障碍的因素，给予硫酸锌、泼普锌、铁制剂、草药和少量镇静剂治疗。最常见的原因是特发性味觉障碍（192例，18.2%），其次是心因性（186例，17.6%），第三位是药物引起的（179例，16.9%）。普通感冒后症状恢复率为64/92（70.2%），缺铁后症状恢复率为31/35（88.6%），缺锌后症状恢复率为85/116（73.3%）。在这些组中，康复率优于其他组。药物引起的味觉障碍的恢复时间大约是其他组的恢复时间的两倍。味觉障碍发病后6个月内能够开始治疗的患者，其恢复率明显高于患味觉障碍超过6个月的患者，且治疗时间明显较短（分别p<0.05）。
Taste disorders are caused by several factors, and there have been few reports concerning the clinical course of taste disorders. In this study, patients with taste disorders were classified into 10 groups according to causes, and they were retrospectively studied in terms of therapeutic effects. In total, 1059 patients (412 men and 647 women, mean age: 60.0 years) who complained of taste disorders were reviewed in our clinic. The patients were asked detailed questions about their history of symptoms, and their emotional status was assessed using a self-rating depression scale. In all subjects, taste functions were measured by electrogustometry (EGM) and filter paper disks (FPD). The grades of their symptoms were assessed with a visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, the levels of serum iron, copper, and zinc were examined. The patients were treated with zinc sulfate, polaprezinc, iron preparation, herbal medicine, and minor tranquilizers according to the factors causing the taste disorders. The most frequent cause was idiopathic taste disorder (192 cases, 18.2%), the second was psychogenic (186 cases, 17.6%), and the third was drug-induced (179 cases, 16.9%). The recovery rate of the symptoms was 64/92 (70.2%) in post-common cold, 31/35 (88.6%) in iron deficiency, and 85/116 (73.3%) in zinc deficiency. In these groups, the rates of recoveries were better than in the other groups. The recovery period in drug-induced taste disorders was approximately twice as long as the recovery period in the other groups. In the patients who were able to start treatment within 6 months from the onset of taste disorder, the recovery rate was significantly higher and the therapeutic period was significantly shorter than in those who had the disorders for more than 6 months (p<0.05, respectively).