Novel roles for insulin receptor (IR) in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells via new and unexpected substrates.
Novel roles for insulin receptor (IR) in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells via new and unexpected substrates.
复制标题
胰岛素受体（IR）在脂肪细胞和骨骼肌细胞中通过新的和意外的底物中的新作用。
DOI：
10.1007/s00018-012-1176-1
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Thurmond, Debbie C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramalingam, Latha;Oh, Eunjin;Thurmond, Debbie C.
关键词：
胰岛素信号传导途径通过将细胞外信号从胰岛素受体（IR）转导至下游细胞内靶点来调节全身葡萄糖稳态，从而协调多种生物学功能。IR或其信号转导的失调与胰岛素抵抗相关，其可在2型糖尿病（T2 D）中达到顶峰。在初始刺激IR后，胰岛素信号传导分叉到不同的途径，激活在各种代谢和细胞过程中发挥作用的多种底物。随着新的IR底物的鉴定和表征，由IR活化产生的多个途径的整合继续扩展。因此，我们的审查将集中在IR底物的作用，因为它们涉及到三个主要领域：代谢/葡萄糖摄取，有丝分裂/生长，衰老/长寿。虽然IR在许多细胞类型中以看似多效性的方式起作用，但通过脂肪和骨骼肌细胞中的这三种主要作用，IR多任务调节全身葡萄糖稳态以影响健康寿命和寿命。
The insulin signaling pathway regulates whole-body glucose homeostasis by transducing extracellular signals from the insulin receptor (IR) to downstream intracellular targets, thus coordinating a multitude of biological functions. Dysregulation of IR or its signal transduction is associated with insulin resistance, which may culminate in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Following initial stimulation of IR, insulin signaling diverges into different pathways, activating multiple substrates which have roles in various metabolic and cellular processes. The integration of multiple pathways arising from IR activation continues to expand as new IR substrates are identified and characterized. Accordingly, our review will focus on roles for IR substrates as they pertain to three primary areas: Metabolism/glucose uptake, Mitogenesis/growth, and Aging/Longevity. While IR functions in a seemingly pleotropic manner in many cell types, through these three main roles in fat and skeletal muscle cells, IR multi-tasks to regulate whole-body glucose homeostasis to impact healthspan and lifespan.
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