Atmospheric aerosols in Amazonia and land use change: from natural biogenic to biomass burning conditions
Atmospheric aerosols in Amazonia and land use change: from natural biogenic to biomass burning conditions
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DOI：
10.1039/c3fd00052d
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Andreae, Meinrat O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Artaxo, Paulo;Rizzo, Luciana V.;Andreae, Meinrat O.
在雨季，亚马逊地区的很大一部分是最原始的大陆地区之一，大气痕量气体和气溶胶颗粒的浓度很低。然而，土地使用的变化改变了生物圈-大气的相互作用，使得维持亚马逊运作的关键过程发生了重大变化。本研究提出了一个保存在亚马逊河流域中部的森林网站（TT 34北马瑙斯）和在亚马逊河流域西南部（PVH，接近韦略港）的严重生物质燃烧影响的网站观测到的气溶胶特性之间的比较。对亚马逊河的气溶胶进行了详细的定性，包括气溶胶的大小分布、气溶胶的光吸收和散射、光学厚度以及气溶胶的无机和有机成分等特性。亚马逊河流域中部（TT 34）的气溶胶浓度较低（PM2.5在雨季和旱季分别为1.3 +/- 0.7 μ g m（-3）和3.4 +/- 2.0 μ g m（-3）），颗粒数浓度中值在雨季为220 cm（-3），在旱季为2200 cm（-3）。在受影响的地点（PVH），气溶胶负荷高出一个数量级（PM2.5在雨季和旱季分别为10.2 +/- 9.0 μ g m（-3）和33.0 +/- 36.0 μ g m（-3））。受影响地点的气溶胶数浓度范围从雨季的680 cm（-3）到旱季的20 000 cm（-3）。2013年在这两个地点部署了气溶胶化学形态监测仪，结果显示，
In the wet season, a large portion of the Amazon region constitutes one of the most pristine continental areas, with very low concentrations of atmospheric trace gases and aerosol particles. However, land use change modifies the biosphere-atmosphere interactions in such a way that key processes that maintain the functioning of Amazonia are substantially altered. This study presents a comparison between aerosol properties observed at a preserved forest site in Central Amazonia (TT34 North of Manaus) and at a heavily biomass burning impacted site in south-western Amazonia (PVH, close to Porto Velho). Amazonian aerosols were characterized in detail, including aerosol size distributions, aerosol light absorption and scattering, optical depth and aerosol inorganic and organic composition, among other properties. The central Amazonia site (TT34) showed low aerosol concentrations (PM2.5 of 1.3 +/- 0.7 mu g m(-3) and 3.4 +/- 2.0 mu g m(-3) in the wet and dry seasons, respectively), with a median particle number concentration of 220 cm(-3) in the wet season and 2200 cm(-3) in the dry season. At the impacted site (PVH), aerosol loadings were one order of magnitude higher (PM2.5 of 10.2 +/- 9.0 mu g m(-3) and 33.0 +/- 36.0 mu g m(-3) in the wet and dry seasons, respectively). The aerosol number concentration at the impacted site ranged from 680 cm(-3) in the wet season up to 20 000 cm(-3) in the dry season. An aerosol chemical speciation monitor (ACSM) was deployed in 2013 at both sites, and it shows that