Urban wild boars prefer fragmented areas with food resources near natural corridors
Urban wild boars prefer fragmented areas with food resources near natural corridors
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.277
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发表时间：
2018-02-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lopez-Olvera, Jorge R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castillo-Contreras, Raquel;Carvalho, Joao;Lopez-Olvera, Jorge R.
野猪种群正在世界各地扩张，并侵入城市周边和城市地区。在过去的几年里，野猪已经在几个欧洲城市定居，包括我们的研究区巴塞罗那。在制定管理措施之前，需要确定导致野猪进入城市地区的主要因素。我们使用2010年至2014年在巴塞罗那市区登记的3148头野猪建立了增强回归树(BRT)，以识别与这些存在相关的变量。被分析的变量包括与来源种群的距离、城市食物资源、气候和城市栖息地结构。野猪从接近的自然栖息地进入城市地区，使用诸如溪流等走廊，最好是在支离破碎的城市环境中，从城市绿地或从猫群中寻找食物。野猪在春季的出生率较高，可能是因为在那个季节出生的小猪和一周岁的幼崽分散在那里，而且地中海栖息地的自然资源在夏季无法满足野猪种群的营养需求。这项研究得出的管理措施目前正在巴塞罗那市实施，包括在野猪入口区清除植被，以及旨在减少野猪的人为食物可获得性的宣传活动。所使用的方法可以适用于其他存在野猪甚至其他野生动物物种问题的城市。比较吸引野猪进入不同城市地区的因素将有助于理解这一全球现象。(C)2017爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Wild boar populations are expanding throughout the world and intruding into periurban and urban areas. In the last years, wild boar has colonized several European cities, including our study area, the city of Barcelona. It is required to identify the main factors driving wild boar into urban areas prior to establish management measures. We built Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) using 3148 wild boar presences registered in the urban area of Barcelona from 2010 to 2014 to identify the variables correlated with these presences. The variables analysed included proxies for distance to source population, urban food resources, climate and urban habitat structure.Wild boars enter the urban area from close natural habitat using corridors such as streams, preferably in fragmented urban environment, looking for food such as urban green areas or dry pet food from cat colonies. Wild boar presence is higher in spring possibly due to the births of piglets and the dispersion of yearlings during that season, and also when natural resources in the Mediterranean habitat fail to satisfy the nutritional requirements of the wild boar population during the summer season.Management measures derived from this study are currently being applied in the city of Barcelona, including vegetation clearings in the wild boar entrance areas and an awareness campaign aimed at reducing the anthropogenic food availability for wild boars. The methodology used can be applied to other cities with wild boar or even other wildlife species issues. The comparison between the factors attracting wild boars into different urban areas would be helpful to understand the global phenomenon. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.