Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.
Effects of the dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet, exercise, and caloric restriction on neurocognition in overweight adults with high blood pressure.
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DOI：
10.1161/hypertensionaha.109.146795
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发表时间：
2010-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sherwood A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smith PJ;Blumenthal JA;Babyak MA;Craighead L;Welsh-Bohmer KA;Browndyke JN;Strauman TA;Sherwood A
高血压会增加中风、痴呆症和神经认知功能障碍的风险。尽管有氧运动和饮食调整已被证明可以降低血压，但还没有随机试验研究有氧运动和饮食调整对高血压患者(即高血压前期和1期高血压)神经认知功能的影响。作为一项更大规模调查的一部分，124名血压升高的参与者(收缩压130至159毫米汞柱或舒张压85至99毫米汞)久坐不动，体重超重或肥胖(体重指数：25至40公斤/平方米)，他们被随机分成三组，分别是单纯的饮食方法停止高血压(DASH)饮食、DASH结合包括锻炼和热量限制在内的行为体重管理计划，或普通饮食对照组。参与者在基线时和干预4个月后再次完成了一系列执行功能-记忆-学习和精神运动速度的神经认知测试。与常规饮食对照组相比，DASH饮食结合行为体重管理计划的参与者在执行功能记忆学习(Cohen‘s D=0.562；P=0.008)和精神运动速度(Cohen’s D=0.480；P=0.023)方面有更大的改善，并且DASH饮食参与者的精神运动速度更快(Cohen‘s D=0.440；P=0.036)。神经认知能力的改善似乎是通过增加有氧健身和减肥来实现的。此外，在DASH饮食和行为体重管理计划相结合的小组中，内中膜厚度更大、收缩压更高的参与者在执行功能-记忆-学习方面表现出更大的改善。总之，将有氧运动与DASH饮食和卡路里限制相结合，可以改善患有高血压前期和高血压前期的久坐和超重/肥胖患者的神经认知功能。
High blood pressure increases the risks of stroke, dementia, and neurocognitive dysfunction. Although aerobic exercise and dietary modifications have been shown to reduce blood pressure, no randomized trials have examined the effects of aerobic exercise combined with dietary modification on neurocognitive functioning in individuals with high blood pressure (ie, prehypertension and stage 1 hypertension). As part of a larger investigation, 124 participants with elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 130 to 159 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure 85 to 99 mm Hg) who were sedentary and overweight or obese (body mass index: 25 to 40 kg/m2) were randomized to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet alone, DASH combined with a behavioral weight management program including exercise and caloric restriction, or a usual diet control group. Participants completed a battery of neurocognitive tests of executive function-memory-learning and psychomotor speed at baseline and again after the 4-month intervention. Participants on the DASH diet combined with a behavioral weight management program exhibited greater improvements in executive function-memory-learning (Cohen’s D=0.562; P=0.008) and psychomotor speed (Cohen’s D=0.480; P=0.023), and DASH diet alone participants exhibited better psychomotor speed (Cohen’s D=0.440; P=0.036) compared with the usual diet control. Neurocognitive improvements appeared to be mediated by increased aerobic fitness and weight loss. Also, participants with greater intima-medial thickness and higher systolic blood pressure showed greater improvements in executive function-memory-learning in the group on the DASH diet combined with a behavioral weight management program. In conclusion, combining aerobic exercise with the DASH diet and caloric restriction improves neurocognitive function among sedentary and overweight/obese individuals with prehypertension and hypertension.