Seismic velocity modelling of the Carboneras Fault Zone, SE Spain

Seismic velocity modelling of the Carboneras Fault Zone, SE Spain
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西班牙东南部卡沃内拉斯断层带的地震速度模拟

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2015.01.001
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Taylor R
Taylor R
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taylor R

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Carboneras断裂带是西班牙东南部主要走滑断层系统的一部分,走向NE-SW,可容纳位移达40公里。它影响基底变质岩和上中新世不整合沉积岩和火山岩。在断裂带的两个地方进行了高分辨率浅层地震层析成像。在同一地区,收集断层岩及其围岩进行实验室地震速度测量。实验室数据对近表面裂纹损伤的实质性影响进行了修正。通过将这些结果与地质剖面相结合,构建了断裂带的正向速度模型,以便与现场地震测量结果进行比较,从而与由此得出的推论“真实”相比较。这些速度/深度关系与从原位断层扫描结果中提取的结果相当吻合。原位地震剖面的一些特征与正演模拟剖面相匹配,但对比表明,为了能够成功地将地震层析成像剖面解释为一种勘探工具,具备一定程度的地质知识是很重要的。
The Carboneras fault zone forms part of a major strike-slip fault system in SE Spain, striking NE–SW, and accommodating up to 40 km displacement. It affects basement metamorphic rocks and unconformably overlying upper Miocene sediments and volcanic rocks. High-resolution shallow seismic tomographic sections were made across the fault zone in two localities. From the same areas, fault rocks and their wallrocks were collected for laboratory seismic velocity measurements. The laboratory data were corrected for the substantial effects of near-surface crack damage. By combining these results with geological cross sections, forward velocity models for the fault zone were constructed to compare with field seismic measurements and hence to ‘ground-truth’ the inferences made from them. These velocity/depth relationships matched moderately well with those extracted from the in-situ tomography results. Aspects of the in-situ seismic sections matched features on the forward-modelled sections, but the comparisons showed that it is important to have some degree of foreknowledge of the geology to be able successfully to interpret seismic tomography sections as an exploration tool.
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