Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Microbial Butyrate and Its Role for Barrier Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Microbial Butyrate and Its Role for Barrier Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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A. N. Acad;Sci;Svenja Pï;F. Stumpff;Gregory B Penner;J ¨ Org-Dieter Schulzke;Gotthold G Abel
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作者：
A. N. Acad;Sci;Svenja Pï;F. Stumpff;Gregory B Penner;J ¨ Org-Dieter Schulzke;Gotthold G Abel
大肠和反刍动物前胃中丁酸的产生取决于细菌丁酰辅酶A/乙酸辅酶A转移酶的活性，当可发酵纤维和非结构性碳水化合物平衡时，丁酸的产生最高。胃肠道上皮细胞似乎使用丁酸盐和丁酸盐诱导的内分泌信号来适应细菌群落的生长而增殖、凋亡和分化。丁酸盐在治疗炎症性肠病（IBD;溃疡性结肠炎）中具有潜在的临床应用。丁酸通过抑制肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素13的释放以及抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶，可能通过影响claudin-2、occludin、cingulin和zonula occludens poteins（ZO-1、ZO-2）的表达，促进IBD紧密连接屏障的恢复。将丁酸盐与改善的紧密连接结构联系起来的分子事件的进一步评价将允许阐明影响丁酸盐作为临床治疗工具的可靠性的辅因子。
Butyrate production in the large intestine and ruminant forestomach depends on bacterial butyryl-CoA/acetate-CoA transferase activity and is highest when fermentable fiber and nonstructural carbohydrates are balanced. Gastrointestinal epithelia seem to use butyrate and butyrate-induced endocrine signals to adapt proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation to the growth of the bacterial community. Butyrate has a potential clinical application in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; ulcerative colitis). Via inhibited release of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 13 and inhibition of histone deacetylase, butyrate may contribute to the restoration of the tight junction barrier in IBD by affecting the expression of claudin-2, occludin, cingulin, and zonula occludens poteins (ZO-1, ZO-2). Further evaluation of the molecular events that link butyrate to an improved tight junction structure will allow for the elucidation of the cofactors affecting the reliability of butyrate as a clinical treatment tool.