Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access
Decentralized energy systems for clean electricity access
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate2512
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Kammen, Daniel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alstone, Peter;Gershenson, Dimitry;Kammen, Daniel M.
需要创新方法来满足 13 亿缺电人口的需求，同时向脱碳能源系统过渡。我们特别关注服务不足地区的能源需求，提出了一个分析和概念框架，阐明了集中式并网电力、自治小型或社区电网以及分布式个人能源服务的异构连续体。历史分析表明，当今是电气化历史上的一个独特时刻，基于超高效终端设备和低成本光伏发电的分散能源网络正在迅速蔓延。我们记录了关键且广泛使用的信息技术（特别是移动电话和虚拟金融服务）如何支持这一演变。这些颠覆性技术系统可以迅速增加获得基本电力服务的机会，并直接为新兴的生活质量可持续发展目标提供信息，同时推动采取行动，实现低碳、地球维持、包容性能源系统。
Innovative approaches are needed to address the needs of the 1.3 billion people lacking electricity, while simultaneously transitioning to a decarbonized energy system. With particular focus on the energy needs of the underserved, we present an analytic and conceptual framework that clarifies the heterogeneous continuum of centralized on-grid electricity, autonomous mini-or community grids, and distributed, individual energy services. A historical analysis shows that the present day is a unique moment in the history of electrification where decentralized energy networks are rapidly spreading, based on super-efficient end-use appliances and low-cost photovoltaics. We document how this evolution is supported by critical and widely available information technologies, particularly mobile phones and virtual financial services. These disruptive technology systems can rapidly increase access to basic electricity services and directly inform the emerging Sustainable Development Goals for quality of life, while simultaneously driving action towards low-carbon, Earth-sustaining, inclusive energy systems.