Association between hoof lesions and fertility in lactating Jersey cows.
Association between hoof lesions and fertility in lactating Jersey cows.
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泽西奶牛泌乳期蹄损伤与生育力之间的关联。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gerard Cramer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Omontese;R. Bellet;A. Molinero;G. Catandi;R. Casagrande;Z. Rodriguez;R. Bisinotto;Gerard Cramer
本研究的目的是评估奶牛蹄部病变与生育力之间的关联。哺乳期泽西奶牛在产奶 20 ± 3 天 (D20) 时被纳入，检查和治疗 HL 的存在，并评估身体状况评分 (BCS)。之后，它们根据标准农场程序进行管理，包括发情检测和预同步，以及针对未表现出发情的奶牛的 5 天 Cosynch-72 协议。在27天和41±3天的牛奶中对卵巢进行扫描，至少有1次检查黄体大于20毫米的奶牛被认为是周期性的。在牛奶中 120 ± 3 天 (D120)，重新检查奶牛的 HL 和 BCS。在 D20 时，根据 HL 状态将奶牛分类为健康 (n = 1,197) 或患有 HL (n = 429)，并根据 HL 类别分类为健康 (n = 1,197) 或有鞋底出血 (n = 280)、非感染性 HL（鞋底溃疡、脚趾溃疡或白线病；n = 113）或感染性 HL（指趾皮炎和足部皮炎）腐烂；n = 36)。与健康奶牛相比，第 20 天患有 HL 的奶牛出现循环的几率降低（38.3% vs. 51.9%），并且从产犊到首次配种的间隔时间更长（58 天 vs. 51 天）。与健康奶牛相比，第 20 天患有传染性 HL 的奶牛首次配种时受孕的几率降低（16.7% vs. 38.3%）。与健康奶牛相比，第 20 天出现鞋底出血的奶牛在产后第一次配种后第 32 至 64 天之间更有可能失去妊娠（10.5% vs. 5.2%）。与健康奶牛相比，在第 20 天发生鞋底出血的奶牛在产奶 150 天和开放天数更长（88 天与 77 天）时妊娠风险较小（67.9% vs. 75.5%）。为了评估 HL 发展与生育力之间的关系，将奶牛分为健康（D20 和 D120 时无 HL；n = 308）、治愈（D20 时任何 HL 且 D120 时无 HL；n = 72）、新 HL（D20 时无 HL 且 D120 时任何 HL；n = 597）和慢性（D20 和 D120 时任何 HL；n = 226）。足底出血占新发 HL 的 93%。 D20 和 D120 时患有 HL 的奶牛比例分别为 26.9% 和 68.4%。我们没有发现任何证据表明 150 天后仍然健康的奶牛 (n = 308) 和出现新 HL 的奶牛 (n = 597) 之间的牛奶妊娠风险存在差异。 D20 时的蹄部损伤（而非新的 HL）与泽西奶牛的周期性几率降低、从产犊到产后首次配种的间隔较长以及妊娠风险降低相关。泌乳早期 HL 诊断和管理对减少奶牛慢性 HL 的影响值得进一步研究。
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between hoof lesions and fertility in dairy cows. Lactating Jersey cows were enrolled at 20 ± 3 d in milk (D20), examined and treated for presence of HL, and evaluated for body condition score (BCS). Afterward, they were managed according to standard farm procedures, including estrus detection and presynchronization and a 5 d Cosynch-72 protocol for cows that failed to show estrus. Ovaries were scanned at 27 and 41 ± 3 d in milk, and cows with a corpus luteum greater than 20 mm on at least 1 exam were considered cyclic. At 120 ± 3 d in milk (D120), cows were re-examined for HL and BCS. Cows were classified at D20 according to HL status as healthy (n = 1,197) or having HL (n = 429), and according to HL category as healthy (n = 1,197) or having a sole hemorrhage (n = 280), noninfectious HL (sole ulcer, toe ulcer, or white line disease; n = 113), or infectious HL (digital dermatitis and foot rot; n = 36). Cows with HL at D20 had reduced odds of being cyclic (38.3 vs. 51.9%) and a longer interval from calving to first service (58 vs. 51 d) compared with healthy cows. Cows with infectious HL at D20 had reduced odds of pregnancy to first service (16.7 vs. 38.3%) compared with healthy cows. Cows with sole hemorrhage at D20 were more likely to lose pregnancies between d 32 and 64 after the first service postpartum compared with healthy cows (10.5 vs. 5.2%). Cows with sole hemorrhage at D20 had a smaller hazard of pregnancy (67.9 vs. 75.5%) at 150 d in milk and more days open (88 vs. 77d) compared with healthy cows. To assess the relationship between the development of HL and fertility, cows were classified as healthy (no HL at D20 and D120; n = 308), cured (any HL at D20 and no HL at D120; n = 72), new HL (no HL at D20 and any HL at D120; n = 597), and chronic (any HL at D20 and D120; n = 226). Sole hemorrhage accounted for 93% of new HL. The proportions of cows with HL at D20 and D120 were 26.9 and 68.4%, respectively. We found no evidence for a difference in pregnancy hazard at 150 d in milk between cows that remained healthy (n = 308) and cows that developed new HL (n = 597). Hoof lesions at D20, but not new HL, were associated with decreased odds of cyclicity, longer interval from calving to first service postpartum, and reduced pregnancy hazard in Jersey cows. The effect of an HL diagnosis in early lactation and management to reduce chronic HL in dairy cows warrants further investigation.