TUBERCULOUS INFECTION IN THE LIGHT OF TUBERCULIN MATRICULATION
TUBERCULOUS INFECTION IN THE LIGHT OF TUBERCULIN MATRICULATION
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119547
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发表时间：
1952-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
GEDDEDAHL, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GEDDEDAHL, T
推荐在感染率低的地区或人群中，将结核菌素试验（对整个人群进行连续结核菌素试验）作为诊断和控制结核病的最佳方法。目前的工作总结了8年的结果。研究（1937-1944）的挪威社区的6500名居民（25%的城市，75%的农村），其中重复结核菌素测试中的大部分的整个人口。使用von Pirquet试验，并使用挪威或丹麦结核菌素进行试验，有或没有肾上腺素。对结核菌素试验技术进行了讨论。在城镇中，20%的男女在进入青春期时受到感染。在30岁以后，发现70%的男性和55%的女性受到感染。在该国，13%的人在进入青春期时感染。30岁以后，45%的人被发现感染。原发性感染似乎发生在儿童晚期和成人早期。发现274例转化者（结核菌素试验）（1937 ~ 1940年56例，1941 ~ 1944年218例），其中28%为14岁以下儿童，57%为15-29岁青年，15%为30岁以上成年人;在发现的转化者中，48%被证实患有“结核病”，13%可疑。在患有结核病的人中，感染在接触后不久就出现，发病率在较年轻的年龄组中最高。通过使用结核菌素预处理发现病例，获得了许多流行病学信息。列举了一些实例。在家庭内感染中，兄弟姐妹接触是最重要的，在家庭外感染中，同伴和邻居也很重要。原发性感染被发现不具有传染性，因为是进展性病例。对结核病的形式和感染的进展进行了很好的讨论。作者认为结核菌素筛查优于群体X线检查。这种看法的部分原因是缺乏放射线照相设备。他不推荐卡介苗，因为它使诊断（结核菌素入学）困难。在研究期间，社区的结核病发病率稳步下降。
Tuberculin matriculation (continuous tuberculin testing of a whole population) is recommended as the best method of diagnosis and control of tuberculosis in regions or populations with low infection rates. The present work summarizes the results of an 8-yr. study (1937-1944) of a Norwegian community of 6500 inhabitants (25% urban, 75% rural) in which repeated tuberculin tests were made on a large proportion of the entire population. The von Pirquet test was used and tests were made with Norwegian or Danish tuberculin, with and without epinephrine. A good discussion of tuberculin test technics is given. In town 20% of both sexes were infected on reaching adolescence. After 30 yrs. of age 70% of the males and 55% of the females were found to be infected. In the country 13% were infected on reaching adolescence. After 30 yrs. of age 45% were found to be infected. Primary infection seems to occur in late childhood and early adult life. 274 converters (tuberculin test) were found (56 from 1937-40 and 218 from 1941-44) of which 28% were in children under 14, 57% in young adults 15-29, and 15% in adults over 30 years of age; of the converters found 48% were proved to have "tuberculous disease" and 13% were doubtful. Of those having tuberculous disease the infection appeared soon after exposure and the incidence was greatest in the younger age groups. By finding cases with the use of tuberculin matriculation much epidemiological information is obtained. Examples are cited. In intradomiciliary infections brother and sister contacts are most important and in extradomiciliary infections companions and neighbors are important. Primary infections were found not to be infectious as were progressive cases. A good discussion on the forms of tuberculosis and the progression of infection is given. The author believes tuberculin is better than mass radiography for screening. In part this belief is due to lack of facilities for radiography. He does not recommend BCG because it makes diagnosis (tuberculin matriculation) difficult. There was a steady decline in tuberculosis in the community during the study.