Reduced bone breakage and increased bone strength in free range laying hens fed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplemented diets
Reduced bone breakage and increased bone strength in free range laying hens fed omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplemented diets
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bone.2012.11.003
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Knott, Lynda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tarlton, John F.;Wilkins, Lindsay J.;Knott, Lynda
简介：ω-3和ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）是许多免疫、炎症和骨功能的重要介质的直接前体，ω-6的产物通常被认为促进炎症并有利于骨吸收。西方饮食中的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸通常是ω-6的10至20倍，这被认为是导致现代人类社会疾病发病率显著上升的原因，如心脏病、结肠炎和骨质疏松症。我们的许多食品生产动物，以富含omega-6的谷物喂养，也暴露于omega-3的饮食不足，可能具有类似的健康后果。由于产蛋母鸡的骨质疏松性变化而导致的骨脆性是一个主要的经济和福利问题，我们最近对破损率的估计表明，高达95%的自由放养母鸡在产蛋期间发生破损。向圈养在全规模商业系统中的自由放养母鸡提供补充有ω-3 α亚麻酸的饮食，并通过与富含omega-6的标准饮食进行比较来研究骨骼益处。在补充ω-3的母鸡中，龙骨断裂率显著降低40-60%，并且断裂严重程度相应降低。有显着更大的骨密度和骨矿物质含量，随着总骨和骨小梁体积的增加。补充omega-3的母鸡的机械性能得到改善，强度、断裂能和刚度表现出显著增加。碱性磷酸酶（成骨细胞标志物）和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（破骨细胞标志物）都显示出omega-3饮食的显着增加，表明骨转换增强。这是证实了显着较低水平的成熟胶原蛋白交联，羟赖氨酰吡啶，赖氨酰吡啶和histidinohydroxy-lysinonorleucine，与相应的显着转变中的成熟：未成熟的交联ratio.Conclusions：在蛋鸡骨骼健康的改善对应于多达6800万少母鸡在欧盟每年遭受龙骨骨折。生物力学和生物化学证据表明，增加骨转换增强了骨力学性能，这可能表明对人类骨质疏松症的潜在益处。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Introduction: The omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the immediate precursors to a number of important mediators of immunity, inflammation and bone function, with products of omega-6 generally thought to promote inflammation and favour bone resorption. Western diets generally provide a 10 to 20-fold deficit in omega-3 PUFAs compared with omega-6, and this is thought to have contributed to the marked rise in incidence of disorders of modern human societies, such as heart disease, colitis and perhaps osteoporosis. Many of our food production animals, fed on grains rich in omega-6, are also exposed to a dietary deficit in omega-3, with perhaps similar health consequences. Bone fragility due to osteoporotic changes in laying hens is a major economic and welfare problem, with our recent estimates of breakage rates indicating up to 95% of free range hens suffer breaks during lay.Methods: Free range hens housed in full scale commercial systems were provided diets supplemented with omega-3 alpha linolenic acid, and the skeletal benefits were investigated by comparison to standard diets rich in omega-6.Results: There was a significant 40-60% reduction in keel bone breakage rate, and a corresponding reduction in breakage severity in the omega-3 supplemented hens. There was significantly greater bone density and bone mineral content, alongside increases in total bone and trabecular volumes. The mechanical properties of the omega-3 supplemented hens were improved, with strength, energy to break and stiffness demonstrating significant increases. Alkaline phosphatase (an osteoblast marker) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (an osteoclast marker) both showed significant increases with the omega-3 diets, indicating enhanced bone turnover. This was corroborated by the significantly lower levels of the mature collagen crosslinks, hydroxylysyl pyridinoline, lysyl pyridinoline and histidinohydroxy-lysinonorleucine, with a corresponding significant shift in the mature:immature crosslink ratio.Conclusions: The improved skeletal health in laying hens corresponds to as many as 68 million fewer hens suffering keel fractures in the EU each year. The biomechanical and biochemical evidence suggests that increased bone turnover has enhanced the bone mechanical properties, and that this may suggest potential benefits for human osteoporosis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.