DNA repair mechanisms in cancer development and therapy.
DNA repair mechanisms in cancer development and therapy.
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2015.00157
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schumacher B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Torgovnick A;Schumacher B
长期以来，DNA损伤一直被认为是癌症发生的原因。当错误的DNA修复导致影响癌基因和抑癌基因的突变或染色体异常时，细胞经历恶性转化，导致癌细胞生长。基因缺陷可能导致癌症：不同DNA修复系统的突变会增加对各种癌症类型的易感性。然而，DNA损伤不仅是癌症发展的根本原因，而且继续为化疗和放射治疗提供重要途径。自癌症治疗开始以来，触发DNA损伤检查点的遗传毒性药物一直被应用于阻止癌细胞的生长和触发癌细胞的凋亡死亡。我们提供了关于DNA修复系统在癌症预防中的参与以及通常用于癌症治疗的基因毒素的类别的概述。更好地理解高度复杂的DNA修复机制的作用和相互作用将导致癌症治疗的重要改进。
DNA damage has been long recognized as causal factor for cancer development. When erroneous DNA repair leads to mutations or chromosomal aberrations affecting oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, cells undergo malignant transformation resulting in cancerous growth. Genetic defects can predispose to cancer: mutations in distinct DNA repair systems elevate the susceptibility to various cancer types. However, DNA damage not only comprises a root cause for cancer development but also continues to provide an important avenue for chemo- and radiotherapy. Since the beginning of cancer therapy, genotoxic agents that trigger DNA damage checkpoints have been applied to halt the growth and trigger the apoptotic demise of cancer cells. We provide an overview about the involvement of DNA repair systems in cancer prevention and the classes of genotoxins that are commonly used for the treatment of cancer. A better understanding of the roles and interactions of the highly complex DNA repair machineries will lead to important improvements in cancer therapy.