Ligand binding promotes prion protein aggregation--role of the octapeptide repeats.

Ligand binding promotes prion protein aggregation--role of the octapeptide repeats.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06680.x
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发表时间:
2008-11
期刊:
The FEBS journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sy MS
Sy MS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yu S;Yin S;Pham N;Wong P;Kang SC;Petersen RB;Li C;Sy MS

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正常细胞朊病毒蛋白 PrP 的聚集在朊病毒疾病的发病机制中很重要。 PrP 结合糖胺聚糖 (GAG) 和二价阳离子,例如 Cu2+ 和 Zn2+。在此,我们报告了 GAG 和 Cu2+ 促进重组人 PrP (rPrP) 聚集的发现。正常的细胞朊病毒蛋白有五个八肽重复。在存在 GAG 或 Cu2+ 的情况下,具有八个或十个八肽重复序列的突变 rPrP 比野生型 PrP 更容易聚集,表现出更快的动力学并形成更大的聚集体。当 GAG 结合基序 KKRPK 被删除时,GAG 的作用会被消除,但 Cu2+ 的作用不会被消除。相比之下,当 Cu2+ 结合基序(八肽重复区域)被删除时,GAG 和 Cu2+ 都无法促进聚集。因此,无论促进配体如何,八肽重复区域对于 rPrP 的聚集都至关重要。此外,在 GAG 存在的情况下,rPrP 的聚集可被抗 PrP mAb 阻断,而所测试的抗 PrP mAb 均不能阻断 Cu2+ 促进的聚集。然而,在 GAG 或 Cu2+ 存在的情况下,对 N 末端表位具有特异性的 mAb 会增强聚集。因此,虽然GAG或Cu2+的结合都会促进rPrP的聚集,但它们的聚集过程是不同的,表明rPrP聚集有多种途径。
Aggregation of the normal cellular prion protein, PrP, is important in the pathogenesis of prion disease. PrP binds glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and divalent cations, such as Cu2+ and Zn2+. Here, we report our findings that GAG and Cu2+ promote the aggregation of recombinant human PrP (rPrP). The normal cellular prion protein has five octapeptide repeats. In the presence of either GAG or Cu2+, mutant rPrPs with eight or ten octapeptide repeats are more aggregation prone, exhibit faster kinetics and form larger aggregates than wild-type PrP. When the GAG-binding motif, KKRPK, is deleted the effect of GAG but not that of Cu2+ is abolished. By contrast, when the Cu2+-binding motif, the octapeptide-repeat region, is deleted, neither GAG nor Cu2+ is able to promote aggregation. Therefore, the octapeptide-repeat region is critical in the aggregation of rPrP, irrespective of the promoting ligand. Furthermore, aggregation of rPrP in the presence of GAG is blocked with anti-PrP mAbs, whereas none of the tested anti-PrP mAbs block Cu2+-promoted aggregation. However, a mAb that is specific for an epitope at the N-terminus enhances aggregation in the presence of either GAG or Cu2+. Therefore, although binding of either GAG or Cu2+ promotes the aggregation of rPrP, their aggregation processes are different, suggesting multiple pathways of rPrP aggregation.
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