Chernobyl-related thyroid cancer in children of Belarus: A case-control study
Chernobyl-related thyroid cancer in children of Belarus: A case-control study
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DOI：
10.2307/3579983
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Waclawiw, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Astakhova, LN;Anspaugh, LR;Waclawiw, MA
1986年4月26日，切尔诺贝利核电站发生事故，释放出约2 EBq的I-131和其他放射性碘同位素，严重污染了白俄罗斯南部。1992年报告的甲状腺癌病例增加是由于切尔诺贝利事故，有人质疑这可能是密集筛查的结果。我们开始了一项病例对照研究，以检验切尔诺贝利事故导致甲状腺癌增加的假设。1992年明斯克国家治疗中心的儿童甲状腺癌记录产生了107例确诊病理诊断并可进行访谈的患者。诊断途径为（1）63例常规内分泌学筛查，（2）25例甲状腺肿大或结节，（3）19例偶然发现。选择了两组对照，一组在诊断途径上匹配，另一组代表了1986年在年龄、性别和农村/城市居住地上匹配的重沉降区。甲状腺的I-131剂量是根据Cs-137的地面沉积、I-131的地面沉积、1986年甲状腺辐射测量的数据库、问卷和访谈来估计的。病例组和对照组（两组）在剂量方面观察到高度显著性差异。这种差异持续存在于诊断途径、性别、年龄和诊断年份以及土壤中的碘水平，在戈梅利地区南部最为显著。病例对照比较表明，甲状腺癌与切尔诺贝利事故的估计辐射剂量之间存在密切关系。(C)1998年，辐射研究会。
The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on April 26, 1986, released approximately 2 EBq of I-131 and other radioiodine isotopes that heavily contaminated southern Belarus. An increase in thyroid cancer reported in 1992 and attributed to the Chernobyl accident was challenged as possibly the result of intensive screening. We began a case-control study to test the hypothesis that the Chernobyl accident caused the increase in thyroid cancer. Records of childhood thyroid cancer in the national therapy centers in Minsk in 1992 yielded 107 individuals with confirmed pathology diagnoses and available for interview. Pathways to diagnosis were (1) routine endocrinological screening in 63, (2) presentation with enlarged or nodular thyroid in 25 and (3) an incidental finding in 19. Two sets of controls were chosen, one matched on pathway to diagnosis, the other representing the area of heavy fallout, both matched on age, sex and rural/urban residence in 1986. The I-131 dose to the thyroid was estimated from ground deposition of Cs-137, ground deposition of I-131, a data bank of 1986 thyroid radiation measurements, questionnaires and interviews. Highly significant differences were observed between cases and controls (both sets) with respect to dose. The differences persisted within pathway to diagnosis, gender, age and year of diagnosis, and level of iodine in the soil, and were most marked in the southern portion of the Gomel region. The case-control comparisons indicate a strong relationship between thyroid cancer and estimated radiation dose from the Chernobyl accident. (C) 1998 by Radiation Research Society.