Roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnology
Roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnology
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DOI：
10.1088/2399-1984/ad299a
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发表时间：
2024-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bandyopadhyay，Supriyo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finocchio，Giovanni;Incorvia，Jean Anne C.;Bandyopadhyay，Supriyo
在“Beyond Moore‘s Law”时代，随着边缘智能的增加，采用非传统方法的特定领域计算将变得越来越普遍。同时，采用各种纳米技术将在能源成本、计算速度、减少占用空间、网络弹性和处理能力方面提供好处。用纳米技术指导未来研究的非传统计算路线图的时机已经成熟，这一系列旨在满足这一需求。作者提供了使用电子自旋、记忆装置、二维纳米材料、纳米磁网和各种动力学系统的神经形态计算的综合路线图。他们还讨论了其他范例，如伊辛机、贝叶斯推理引擎、使用p比特的概率计算、内存处理、量子存储器和算法、使用Skyrmions和自旋波进行计算，以及在严重资源受限的环境中用于增量学习和解决问题的大脑启发计算。与基于冯·诺伊曼体系结构的传统布尔计算相比，这些方法具有优势。随着人工智能的计算需求增长速度快于电子产品的摩尔定律50倍，更多非传统的计算和信号处理方法将出现在地平线上，而这一路线图将有助于确定未来的需求和挑战。在一个非常肥沃的领域，该领域的专家们致力于展示一些在未来一段时间内将存在的用于非传统计算的主导和最有前途的技术。在整体方法中，目标是为巩固这一领域并指导未来有影响力的发现提供途径。
In the'Beyond Moore's Law'era, with increasing edge intelligence, domain-specific computing embracing unconventional approaches will become increasingly prevalent. At the same time, adopting a variety of nanotechnologies will offer benefits in energy cost, computational speed, reduced footprint, cyber resilience, and processing power. The time is ripe for a roadmap for unconventional computing with nanotechnologies to guide future research, and this collection aims to fill that need. The authors provide a comprehensive roadmap for neuromorphic computing using electron spins, memristive devices, two-dimensional nanomaterials, nanomagnets, and various dynamical systems. They also address other paradigms such as Ising machines, Bayesian inference engines, probabilistic computing with p-bits, processing in memory, quantum memories and algorithms, computing with skyrmions and spin waves, and brain-inspired computing for incremental learning and problem-solving in severely resource-constrained environments. These approaches have advantages over traditional Boolean computing based on von Neumann architecture. As the computational requirements for artificial intelligence grow 50 times faster than Moore's Law for electronics, more unconventional approaches to computing and signal processing will appear on the horizon, and this roadmap will help identify future needs and challenges. In a very fertile field, experts in the field aim to present some of the dominant and most promising technologies for unconventional computing that will be around for some time to come. Within a holistic approach, the goal is to provide pathways for solidifying the field and guiding future impactful discoveries.