A Tale of Two Vaccines—and Their Science Communication Environments
A Tale of Two Vaccines—and Their Science Communication Environments
复制标题
两种疫苗的故事及其科学传播环境
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.18
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ashley R. Landrum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Kahan;Ashley R. Landrum
本章考察了美国公众对两种青少年免疫接种方案的不同反应：一种是人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗，引发了政治争议的风暴;另一种是B型肝炎（HBV）疫苗，没有引起这样的反对。本章认为，造成这种情况的原因是公众在污染的科学传播环境中熟悉了后者（而不是前者）。它确定了疫苗制造商做出的决定，这些决定使HPV疫苗脱离了HBV疫苗和其他所有强制性儿童疫苗所遵循的非政治化行政审批路径，并进入了高度政治化，高度党派化的立法路径，可以预见地引发了身份保护认知。本章认为，这样的争议将可能再次发生，除非保护科学传播环境本身是一个自觉的目标机构，政府和非政府组织，发挥作用，在传播决策相关的科学。
This chapter examines the difference in the US public’s reactions to proposals for universal administration of two adolescent immunizations: the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, which provoked a firestorm of political controversy, and the Hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine, which aroused no such opposition. This chapter argues that the reason for this was that the public became familiar with the latter (but not the former) in a polluted science communication environment. It identifies decisions made by the vaccine’s manufacturer that drove the HPV vaccine off the nonpoliticized administrative-approval path followed by the HBV vaccine and every other mandated childhood vaccine and onto a highly politicized, highly partisan legislative one that predictably provoked identityprotective cognition. The chapter argues that such controversy will likely recur unless protection of the science communication environment is itself made a self-conscious object of the institutions, governmental and nongovernmental, that play a role in the dissemination of decision-relevant science.