Prefrontal cortical GABA abnormalities are associated with reduced hippocampal volume in major depressive disorder.
Prefrontal cortical GABA abnormalities are associated with reduced hippocampal volume in major depressive disorder.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.04.025
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发表时间：
2015-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shungu DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdallah CG;Jackowski A;Sato JR;Mao X;Kang G;Cheema R;Coplan JD;Mathew SJ;Shungu DC
海马体体积减少与难治性抑郁症(TRD)有关，并被认为反映了氨基酸神经传递的受损。为了更好地了解氨基酸神经传递在海马体体积缺陷和随后的治疗抵抗中的作用，本研究调查了海马体体积与前扣带回皮质(ACC)中GABA水平的关系，该区域以前与TRD有关。对33例未用药的重度抑郁障碍(MDD，14例TRD和19例非TRD)和26例健康对照(HC)进行了研究。受试者接受高分辨率磁共振成像(MRI)以估计海马体体积，并接受质子磁共振波谱(1HMRS)以测量ACC GABA水平。已知ACC GABA水平的MDD患者被分为两组：MDD低GABA组和MDD高GABA组。我们发现，与MDD高GABA组(p<；0.001)和HC组相比，MDD低GABA组的海马体体积显著减少(p=0.001)。海马区体积与皮质GABA之间存在着群体(即MDD组)和区域特异性(即前额叶皮质)的关系。TRD组、非TRD组和HC组比较，TRD组和非TRD组与HC组比较，TRD组大鼠的海马体体积显著小于非TRD组(p=0.05)和HC组(p=0.03)，差异有统计学意义(p=0.04)。非TRD组和HC组大鼠海马区体积无明显差异。这些数据为前额叶神经化学缺陷在MDD边缘结构异常中的作用提供了洞察力。此外，它复制了TRD和较小的海马体体积之间的关系。
Hippocampal volume reduction has been related to treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and is hypothesized to reflect impaired amino-acid neurotransmission. To better understand the role of amino acid neurotransmission in hippocampal volume deficits, and subsequent resistance to treatment, this study investigated the relationship between hippocampal volumes and GABA levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), previously associated with TRD. Thirty-three medication-free major depressive disorder (MDD; 14 TRD and 19 non-TRD) and 26 healthy controls (HC) subjects were studied. Participants underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to estimate hippocampal volume and proton MR spectroscopy (1H MRS) to measure ACC GABA levels. MDD patients, with known ACC GABA levels, were divided into two groups: MDD Low GABA and MDD High GABA. We found a significant reduction in hippocampal volume in the MDD Low GABA group compared to MDD High GABA (p < 0.001) and HC (p = 0.01). The relationship between hippocampal volume and cortical GABA was population (i.e. MDD group) and region specific (i.e. prefrontal cortex). Comparing TRD, non-TRD and HC groups, there was a main effect of group on hippocampal volume (p = 0.04), which post hoc analysis revealed as smaller hippocampal volume in TRD subjects than in non-TRD (p = 0.05) and HC groups (p = 0.03). No hippocampal volume differences between non-TRD and HC groups. The data provides insight into the role of prefrontal neurochemical deficits in the limbic structural abnormalities observed in MDD. In addition, it replicates the relationship between TRD and smaller hippocampal volumes.