Monjolo: an energy-harvesting energy meter architecture
Monjolo: an energy-harvesting energy meter architecture
复制标题
Monjolo：一种能量收集电能表架构
DOI：
10.1145/2517351.2517363
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Dutta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. DeBruin;Bradford Campbell;P. Dutta
传统的AC功率计执行至少两个不同的功能：功率转换，以供应仪表本身，以及能量计量，以测量负载消耗。本文介绍了Monjolo，一个新的能源计量架构，结合这两个功能，产生一个新的设计点在计量空间。这项工作背后的关键见解是，电流互感器Transformer的输出-名义上用于测量负载电流-可以被收集并用于间歇地为无线传感器节点供电。假设节点的激活频率随着主负载的消耗而单调增加，使得可以从激活之间的间隔估计负载功率，假设节点在每次激活期间消耗固定的能量量子。本文通过设计、实现和评估Monjolo计量体系结构来探索这一主题。结果表明，它是可能的，以建立一个米，提请零功率在零负载条件下，提供高精度的近单位功率因数负载，与非单位功率因数负载与整个房子米的组合，无线报告读数的数据聚合器，是有弹性的通信故障，是吝啬的无线电信道，即使在重负载下。Monjolo消除了早期设计中存在的高压AC-DC电源和AC计量电路，实现了更小、更简单、更安全和更低成本的设计点，支持非侵入式电路级计量等新型部署场景。
Conventional AC power meters perform at least two distinct functions: power conversion, to supply the meter itself, and energy metering, to measure the load consumption. This paper presents Monjolo, a new energy-metering architecture that combines these two functions to yield a new design point in the metering space. The key insight underlying this work is that the output of a current transformer -- nominally used to measure a load current -- can be harvested and used to intermittently power a wireless sensor node. The hypothesis is that the node's activation frequency increases monotonically with the primary load's draw, making it possible to estimate load power from the interval between activations, assuming the node consumes a fixed energy quanta during each activation. This paper explores this thesis by designing, implementing, and evaluating the Monjolo metering architecture. The results demonstrate that it is possible to build a meter that draws zero-power under zero-load conditions, offers high accuracy for near-unity power factor loads, works with non-unity power factor loads in combination with a whole-house meter, wirelessly reports readings to a data aggregator, is resilient to communication failures, and is parsimonious with the radio channel, even under heavy loads. Monjolo eliminates the high-voltage AC-DC power supply and AC metering circuitry present in earlier designs, enabling a smaller, simpler, safer, and lower-cost design point that supports novel deployment scenarios like non-intrusive circuit-level metering.