Malaria infections are randomly distributed in diverse holoendemic areas of Papua New Guinea
Malaria infections are randomly distributed in diverse holoendemic areas of Papua New Guinea
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.2002.67.555
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zimmerman, PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehlotra, RK;Kasehagen, LJ;Zimmerman, PA
疟疾是巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）低地的全地方病，疟原虫种间的相互作用可能影响混合感染的流行。此前，通过血涂片和聚合酶链反应（PCR）分析的东塞皮克省Dreikikir横断面调查的现场样本显示，在这一疟疾流行地区，混合感染很常见，而且是随机分布的。为了进一步评估疟原虫物种分布是否是随机的，在巴布亚新几内亚北方另外2个疟疾全流行区进行了基于血涂片和PCR/序列特异性寡核苷酸探针杂交的横断面调查样本分析。尽管在这些新的调查中，生态，物种流行率和传播季节的差异，所有4种疟原虫被发现是随机分布在每个地区，随机分布模式也观察到研究人群分为年龄组。这些发现提供了一致的证据，表明在巴布亚新几内亚疟疾完全流行的地点，疟原虫种感染是相互独立的。这种独立发生表明，年龄依赖性获得性疟疾免疫对地方性人群中疟原虫种属感染的分布模式影响有限; 1种人疟原虫种属感染不会降低对其他疟原虫种属感染的易感性;疟疾疫苗对异源疟原虫种属血液阶段感染的保护作用有限。
Malaria is holoendemic in the lowlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG), and interactions among Plasmodium species may influence prevalence of mixed infections. Previously, field samples from a cross-sectional survey in Dreikikir, East Sepik Province, analyzed by blood smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), showed that mixed infections were common and randomly distributed in this malaria endemic region. To evaluate further whether Plasmodium species distribution is random, blood smear- and PCR/sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization-based analyses of cross-sectional survey samples were conducted in 2 additional malaria holoendemic regions of northern PNG. Despite ecologic, species prevalence, and transmission season differences in these new surveys, all 4 Plasmodium species were found to be randomly distributed in each area; random distribution patterns also were observed when study populations were divided into age groups. These findings provide consistent evidence that Plasmodium species infections occur independently of one another in PNG malaria holoendemic sites. This independent occurrence suggests that age-dependent, acquired malaria immunity has limited influence on the distribution pattern of Plasmodium species infections in endemic human populations; infection by 1 human malaria parasite species does not reduce susceptibility to infection by others; and malaria vaccines would exhibit limited protection against blood-stage infection by heterologous Plasmodium species.