Specific interaction between the D genome and the three alien cytoplasms in wheat.
Specific interaction between the D genome and the three alien cytoplasms in wheat.
复制标题
小麦中 D 基因组与三种外来细胞质之间的特异性相互作用。
DOI：
10.1266/jjg.51.327
复制
发表时间：
1976
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Tsuji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Murata;S. Tsuji
为了阐明普通小麦D染色体组染色体与Ae. squarrosa，山蚂蝗Ae. cylindrica和Ae. crassa cytotoxicity，我们产生了三个非整倍体系列的D染色体组染色体，即。例如，二端体、单体和缺四体的研究进展。CV.中国春具有上述三种细胞色素。并对这些材料的种子育性进行了研究，发现7个具鳞质的双端体材料具有较高的育性。然而，具有粗厚细胞质的ditelo-2Dα和-7DS显示出高度降低的受精力。用3种异源细胞质共获得18个D染色体组单体，除了用squarosa细胞质的mono-5D和用crassa细胞质的mono-2D和-5D。每个单体系都具有较高的种子育性，但个别单体系与相应的正常单体系相比育性略有下降。结果，获得了12个品系，它们都是可育的。然而，染色体分离是有偏见的，特别是在单-1D tri-1A植物与三个外来细胞质染色体（_？？_）和正常的nulli-1D tetra-1A's（_？？_），没有获得nulli-1D tri-1A和nulli-1D tetra-1A。此外，单-1D三-1A的这些cytochromic显示极端减少种子育性时，授粉的nulli-1D，而正常的种子育性的二体。具有这些外来细胞质的Ditelo-1DL植株正常可育。综合以上结果，我们认为抗这三种异源细胞色素的活性基因位于普通小麦1D染色体的长臂上。
In order to clarify the specific nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions between the D genome chromosomes in common wheat and the Ae. squarrosa, Ae. cylindrica and Ae. crassa cytoplasms, we produced three aneuploid series of the D genome chromosomes, i. e., ditelosomics, monosomics and nullitetrasomics, of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring with the above three cytoplasms. And, the seed fertilities of these lines were investigated.Seven ditelosomic lines with the squarrosa cytoplasm had high fertilities. However, ditelo-2Dα and -7DS with the crassa cytoplasm showed highly reduced fertilities. Their fertility reduction was mainly due to pistillody.We produced 18 monosomics of the D genome chromosomes with the three alien cytoplasms, except mono-5D with the squarrosa cytoplasm and mono-2D and -5D with the crassa cytoplasm. Every monosomic line had high seed fertility, although several lines showed slight reduction when compared with the corresponding normal monosomic lines.By backcrossing the three cytoplasm substitution lines with nullitetrasomics, we attempted to obtain the nullitetrasomics with the alien cytoplasm. As a result, twelve lines, which were all fertile, were obtained. However, chromosomal segregations were biased particularly in the crosses between mono-1D tri-1A plants with the three alien cytoplasms (_??_) and the normal nulli-1D tetra-1A's (_??_), and none of nulli-1D tri-1A's and nulli-1D tetra-1A's was obtained. Furthermore, mono-1D tri-1A's with these cytoplasms showed extreme reduction of seed fertility when pollinated by nulli-1D, while normal seed fertility by the disomic. Ditelo-1DL plants with those alien cytoplasms were normally fertile. Taking all these results in consideration, we concluded that the viability gene(s) against the three alien cytoplasms is located on the long arm of the 1D chromosome of common wheat.