Detailed mtDNA genotypes permit a reassessment of the settlement and population structure of the Andaman Islands
Detailed mtDNA genotypes permit a reassessment of the settlement and population structure of the Andaman Islands
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.20773
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Rao, V. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barik, S. S.;Sahani, R.;Rao, V. R.
印度次大陆的人口遗传学是理解早期人类史前史的核心，因为它位于更新世晚期人类从非洲到澳大利亚的走廊上。先前使用线粒体DNA进行的遗传学研究强调了更新世晚期殖民者的相对隔离，东南亚岛屿的安达曼群岛人口在物理上与世隔绝，这仍然是支持人口早期分裂的说法的来源，这些人口形成了沿着印度洋海岸的零星定居模式。利用全基因组测序，结合多重SNP分型，本研究探讨了印度和安达曼群岛mtDNA单倍型群M31和M32的深层结构。这两个谱系之间迄今未被注意到的罕见多态性的鉴定表明，它们实际上是单一单倍群M31'32内的姐妹群。M31的高分辨率使得可以推断安达曼群岛的殖民时间比以前建议的要晚，但不能否定很早就有人居住的假设。我们进一步证明了安达曼群岛的两个主要语言群体之间的mtDNA和文化标记的广泛重叠。考虑到基于全基因组序列的谱系的“完整性”，以及由这一推断的谱系支持的安达曼群岛居民的多种情景，我们的研究暗示，进一步的基于mtDNA的地理学研究不太可能明确支持这些可能性中的任何一种。
The population genetics of the Indian subcontinent is central to understanding early human prehistory due to its strategic location on the proposed corridor of human movement from Africa to Australia during the late Pleistocene. Previous genetic research using mtDNA has emphasized the relative isolation of the late Pleistocene colonizers, and the physically isolated Andaman Island populations of Island South-East Asia remain the source of claims supporting an early split between the populations that formed the patchy settlement pattern along the coast of the Indian Ocean. Using whole-genome sequencing, combined with multiplexed SNP typing, this study investigates the deep structure of mtDNA haplogroups M31 and M32 in India and the Andaman Islands. The identification of a so far unnoticed rare polymorphism shared between these two lineages suggests that they are actually sister groups within a single haplogroup, M31'32. The enhanced resolution of M31 allows for the inference of a more recent colonization of the Andaman Islands than previously suggested, but cannot reject the very early peopling scenario. We further demonstrate a widespread overlap of mtDNA and cultural markers between the two major language groups of the Andaman archipelago. Given the "completeness" of the genealogy based on whole genome sequences, and the multiple scenarios for the peopling of the Andaman Islands sustained by this inferred genealogy, our study hints that further mtDNA based phylogeographic studies are unlikely to unequivocally support any one of these possibilities.