Normalization and Multi-Valued Symbol Extraction From RO-PUFs for Enhanced Uniform Probability Distributions
Normalization and Multi-Valued Symbol Extraction From RO-PUFs for Enhanced Uniform Probability Distributions
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DOI：
10.1109/tcsii.2020.2980748
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发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Holger Mandry;Andreas Herkle;Sven Müelich;J. Becker;R. Fischer;M. Ortmanns
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文献类型：
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作者：
Holger Mandry;Andreas Herkle;Sven Müelich;J. Becker;R. Fischer;M. Ortmanns
物理不可克隆功能 (PUF) 为在芯片上生成集成电路的独特指纹提供了可能性。环形振荡器 (RO) PUF 体积小且易于在现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 上配置，因此多年来受到广泛关注。在最先进的技术中，两个相邻 RO 被比较并仅映射到单个信息位。很少有出版物旨在从一个 PUF 单元中提取更多比特，但却与不均匀分布作斗争。在这个简短的多值符号提取中，提出了一种从每个单独的 RO 中提取更多信息位的方法。引入了一种新的后处理方法，可以产生接近理想的均匀分布响应，而与底层物理概率分布无关。为了消除由放置不平等引起的偏差，采用了多种归一化方法，并通过面积和复杂度进行分析。基于符号传输的度量，采用欧氏距离和熵作为度量来评估多值PUF的唯一性和可靠性。这种新方法可以将提取的信息量增加到每个 RO 3 位。
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) offer the possibility for on-chip generation of unique fingerprints for integrated circuits. Ring-oscillator (RO) PUFs are small and easy to configure on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and thus received great attention over the years. In the state-of-theart two neighboring ROs are compared and mapped to only a single bit of information. Few publications aims to extract more bits out of one PUF-cell, but struggle with non-uniform distributions. In this brief multi-valued symbol extraction is presented as a method to extract more bits of information out of each individual RO. A new post-processing approach is introduced to produce close-to-ideal uniformly distributed responses independent of the underlying physically probability distribution. To eliminate bias, caused by placement inequalities, multiple methods of normalization are utilized and analyzed by means of area and complexity. Based on metrics for symbol transmission, the Euclidean-distance and entropy are used as metrics to evaluate the uniqueness and reliability of multi-valued PUFs. This new approach allows to increase the amount of extracted information to 3 bits per RO.