The interactions between microplastic polyvinyl chloride and marine diatoms: Physiological, morphological, and growth effects
The interactions between microplastic polyvinyl chloride and marine diatoms: Physiological, morphological, and growth effects
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微塑料聚氯乙烯与海洋硅藻之间的相互作用：生理、形态和生长效应
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111000
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发表时间：
2020-10-15
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Zheng, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Shuai;Wang, Yue;Zheng, Li
微塑料被认为是对海洋环境的巨大威胁。然而，关于它们对浮游植物，特别是硅藻的影响的知识很少。本文研究了不同浓度的聚氯乙烯（PVC）微塑料和接触时间（24、48、72和96 h）对三角褐指藻（Phaeodactylum tricornutum）、纤细角毛藻（Chaetoceros gracilis）和海链藻（Thalassiosira sp .）（B280）对海洋硅藻的毒性作用。用扫描电镜观察了PVC微塑料对硅藻形态的影响。3种海洋硅藻对1 μ mPVC微塑料的敏感性顺序为B13 > B280 > B255，表明不同种类的微藻对PVC微塑料的毒性效应不同。此外，硅质细胞壁的存在在保护细胞免受PVC微塑料的物理攻击方面发挥了最小的作用，与普通细胞壁没有显著差异。PVC微塑料对三种海洋硅藻造成了剂量依赖性的不良影响。高浓度PVC（200 mg/L）降低了3种海洋硅藻的叶绿素含量，抑制了F-v/F-m，影响了光合作用。PVC微塑料吸附并对藻细胞结构造成物理破坏。PVC微塑料与硅藻之间的相互作用可能是PVC对硅藻产生负面影响的原因。
Microplastics are identified as a great threat to marine environments. However, knowledge of their impacts on phytoplankton, especially for the diatoms is scarce. Herein, the effects of different polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastic concentrations and contact times (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) on the F-v/F-m and cell density of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (B255), Chaetoceros gracilis (B13) and Thalassiosira sp . (B280) were investigated to evaluate the toxic effects of micmplastics on marine diatoms. The effects of PVC microplastics on the morphology of the diatoms was observed by SEM. The order of sensitivity to 1 mu m PVC microplastics among three marine diatoms was B13 > B280 > B255, showing that the toxic effects varied with different microalgae species. Furthermore, the presence of a siliceous cell wall played a minimal role in protecting cells from the physical attack of PVC microplastics, with no significant difference from the common cell wall. PVC microplastics caused dosedependent adverse effects on three marine diatoms. High PVC concentrations (200 mg/L) reduced the chlorophyll content, inhibited F-v/F-m, and affected the photosynthesis of three marine diatoms. The PVC micmplastics adsorbed and caused physical damage on the structure of algal cells. Interactions between PVC microplastics and diatoms may be the probable reason for the negative effects of PVC on diatoms.