A pan-European valuation of the extent, causes and cost of escape events from sea cage fish farming
A pan-European valuation of the extent, causes and cost of escape events from sea cage fish farming
复制标题
对海水网箱养鱼逃逸事件的范围、原因和成本进行泛欧评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.10.040
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
K. Black
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Jackson;A. Drumm;S. McEvoy;Østen Jensen;D. Mendiola;G. Gabiña;J. Borg;N. Papageorgiou;Y. Karakassis;K. Black
作为欧盟资助的第七框架项目“防止逃逸”的一部分，开展了一项研究计划，以记录欧洲三年内海洋鳍鱼养殖场逃逸的程度，规模和原因。逃逸事件是通过6个国家（爱尔兰、英国、挪威、西班牙、希腊和马耳他）的问卷调查以及挪威渔业局和苏格兰水产研究论坛提供的其他数据确定和评估的。据报告，共有8 922 863条鱼从242起事件中逃脱。其中500多万人发生在两起灾难性的逃跑事件中。海鲷占逃逸数量最多的76.7%，其次是大西洋鲑鱼9.2%。在113起大西洋鲑鱼逃逸事件中，近75%是由于结构故障或操作错误。近50%的鳕鱼逃逸事件是由于生物原因，如渔网咬伤。根据首次销售时的价值计算，逃逸的名义成本非常可观，在研究期间，估计平均每年约为4750万欧元。其中4280万欧元用于地中海鲈鱼和海鲷的损失，470万欧元用于北方欧洲鲑鱼的损失。
As part of an EU funded 7th Framework project,Prevent Escape, a programme of research was undertaken to document the extent, size and knowledge of the causes of escapes from marine fin fish farms in Europe over a three year period. Escape incidents were identified and assessed through questionnaires across the 6 countries (Ireland, UK, Norway, Spain, Greece, and Malta), and other data supplied by the Norwegian Fisheries Directorate and the Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum. A total of 8,922,863 fish were reported to have escaped from 242 incidents. Of these over 5 million occurred in two catastrophic escape incidents. Sea bream accounted for the highest number of escapes at 76.7% followed by Atlantic salmon at 9.2%. Of the 113 Atlantic salmon escape events, almost 75% were due to structure failure or operational error. Almost 50% of cod escape incidents were due to biological causes e.g. biting of nets. The nominal costs of escapes as calculated by value at point of first sale were very substantial, estimated at approximately €47.5 million per annum on average over the study period. Of this €42.8 million was for annual cost of losses of sea bass and sea bream in the Mediterranean and €4.7 million for losses of salmon in northern Europe.