A physical model of cell metabolism.

A physical model of cell metabolism.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41598-018-26724-7
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发表时间:
2018-05-29
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Vazquez A
Vazquez A
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fernandez-de-Cossio-Diaz J;Vazquez A

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细胞代谢的特点是三个基本的能量需求:维持细胞维持,触发有氧发酵和达到最大代谢率。向有氧发酵的过渡和最大代谢率目前是基于酶的成本限制来理解的。然而,我们缺乏一个理论来解释维护能源需求。在这里,我们报告了一个细胞代谢的物理模型,解释了这三种能量尺度的起源。我们的关键假设是,维持能量需求是基于分子马达为使细胞质流化和抵消分子拥挤而消耗的能量。利用该模型和独立参数估计,我们对三个能量尺度进行了与实验值定量一致的预测。该模型还概括了细胞生长与细胞外渗透压和温度的依赖关系。该理论将生物物理学和细胞生物学结合在一个易于处理的模型中,可以应用于理解细胞代谢的关键原理。
Cell metabolism is characterized by three fundamental energy demands: to sustain cell maintenance, to trigger aerobic fermentation and to achieve maximum metabolic rate. The transition to aerobic fermentation and the maximum metabolic rate are currently understood based on enzymatic cost constraints. Yet, we are lacking a theory explaining the maintenance energy demand. Here we report a physical model of cell metabolism that explains the origin of these three energy scales. Our key hypothesis is that the maintenance energy demand is rooted on the energy expended by molecular motors to fluidize the cytoplasm and counteract molecular crowding. Using this model and independent parameter estimates we make predictions for the three energy scales that are in quantitative agreement with experimental values. The model also recapitulates the dependencies of cell growth with extracellular osmolarity and temperature. This theory brings together biophysics and cell biology in a tractable model that can be applied to understand key principles of cell metabolism.
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