A Relativistic Version of the Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber Model
A Relativistic Version of the Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber Model
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吉拉尔迪-里米尼-韦伯模型的相对论版本
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
R. Tumulka
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作者：
R. Tumulka
进行了一项由约翰·S. Bell在1987年提出的理论，我们得到了自发波函数坍缩的Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber（GRW）模型的相对论版本。GRW模型是作为量子力学测量问题的一种解决方案而提出的，它涉及薛定谔方程的随机和非线性修改。对于微观系统，它与薛定谔方程的偏差很小，但对于宏观系统，它有效地抑制了宏观不同状态的叠加。正如贝尔所建议的那样，我们把我们模型的原始本体论或局部本体论看作是一组离散的时空点，坍缩以这些点为中心。这个集合是随机的，其分布由初始波函数决定。我们的模型是非局部的，违反了贝尔不等式，虽然它没有利用一个首选的时空切片或任何其他种类的类空分离点的同步。像GRW模型一样，它再现了目前可检验的所有情况下的量子概率，尽管它需要偏离原则上可检验的量子形式主义。我们的模型适用于闵可夫斯基时空以及（行为良好的）弯曲背景时空。
Carrying out a research program outlined by John S. Bell in 1987, we arrive at a relativistic version of the Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber (GRW) model of spontaneous wavefunction collapse. The GRW model was proposed as a solution of the measurement problem of quantum mechanics and involves a stochastic and nonlinear modification of the Schrödinger equation. It deviates very little from the Schrödinger equation for microscopic systems but efficiently suppresses, for macroscopic systems, superpositions of macroscopically different states. As suggested by Bell, we take the primitive ontology, or local beables, of our model to be a discrete set of space-time points, at which the collapses are centered. This set is random with distribution determined by the initial wavefunction. Our model is nonlocal and violates Bell’s inequality though it does not make use of a preferred slicing of space-time or any other sort of synchronization of spacelike separated points. Like the GRW model, it reproduces the quantum probabilities in all cases presently testable, though it entails deviations from the quantum formalism that are in principle testable. Our model works in Minkowski space-time as well as in (well-behaved) curved background space-times.