Grazing-induced increases in soil moisture maintain higher productivity during droughts in alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau
Grazing-induced increases in soil moisture maintain higher productivity during droughts in alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau
复制标题
放牧引起的土壤湿度增加在青藏高原高寒草甸干旱期间保持较高的生产力
DOI：
10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.02.022
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Guirui Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tao Zhang;Mingjie Xu;Yangjian Zhang;Tianhong Zhao;Tingting An;Yingge Li;Yi Sun;Ning Chen;Tingting Zhao;Juntao Zhu;Guirui Yu
放牧是青藏高原高山生态系统的主要土地利用方式。然而，目前尚不清楚放牧如何调节该生态系统中的碳水平和水循环。在相邻的围栏草地（FM）和放牧草地（GM）中设置了一组成对的涡度相关系统，以探讨放牧对高寒草甸的影响。放牧减少草地生物量导致草地蒸腾量（T）下降，而草地蒸发量（E）因受辐射影响而增加，从而导致草地蒸散量（ET）增加。但由于无光泽表土层的作用，深层土壤含水量仍然较高，起着阻水层的作用。因此，由于放牧引起的GM叶面积减少，减少了水分消耗，GM深层土壤含水量高于FM。因此，转基因作物的深层土壤可以提供更多的水分，帮助植物抵御干旱。此外，在干旱年份的丰水期，放牧增强了草地生产力对土壤水分的敏感性，可以使草地生产力在干旱后更快地恢复。因此，放牧可以帮助这个脆弱的生态系统在一定程度上抵御干旱，保持较高的生产力。这可能为我们提供一种应对全球气候变化的生态方法。
Grazing is the primary land use practice in alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. However, it remains unclear how grazing regulates levels of carbon and the water cycle in this ecosystem. A paired set of eddy covariance systems were set in adjacent fenced (FM) and grazed meadows (GM) to explore the grazing effects on alpine meadows. Aboveground biomass removed by grazing caused declines in grass transpiration (T), whereas the evaporation (E) was enhanced because of greater exposure to radiation, which in turn led to higher evapotranspiration (ET) in GM. However, the deep-layer soil moisture remained high because of the effects of mattic epipedon, which worked as a water-resistant layer. Therefore, the deep-layer soil moisture in GM was higher than that in FM because of decreased water consumption caused by the grazing-induced reduction in leaf area in GM. As a consequence, the deep-layer soil in GM could provide more water to help plants endure droughts. Additionally, grazing enhanced the sensitivity of productivity to soil moisture during the wet season in drought years, which could restore grassland productivity more quickly after droughts. Therefore, grazing could help this fragile ecosystem to withstand droughts to some extent and maintain higher productivity. This may provide us with an ecological approach for confronting global climate change.
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