AIR-POLLUTION AND DAILY MORTALITY - ASSOCIATIONS WITH PARTICULATES AND ACID AEROSOLS
AIR-POLLUTION AND DAILY MORTALITY - ASSOCIATIONS WITH PARTICULATES AND ACID AEROSOLS
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DOI：
10.1016/s0013-9351(05)80042-8
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发表时间：
1992-12-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
SPENGLER, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DOCKERY, DW;SCHWARTZ, J;SPENGLER, JD
在圣路易斯和田纳西州东部金斯顿/哈里曼周围的县，对每日总死亡率与空气污染之间的关系进行了为期1年（1985年9月至1986年8月）的调查。本研究的目的是评估各种措施的颗粒和气体空气污染作为每日死亡率的预测的相对重要性。在研究期间，每天测量可吸入颗粒物（PM10），细颗粒物（PM2.5），这些颗粒的元素组成和气溶胶酸度的浓度。在控制气象和季节影响后，估计每种空气污染物对每日死亡率的影响。在圣路易斯，PM10每增加100 μg/m3，总死亡率增加16%（95%CI − 1至33%），在田纳西州东部增加17%（95%CI − 12至57%）。在这两个社区的PM2.5，硫酸盐和气溶胶酸度浓度的积极，但逐渐减弱的协会。与气体污染物二氧化硫、二氧化氮和臭氧的关联都远远没有统计学意义。由于每日颗粒物空气污染的监测时间较短，本研究检测相关性的能力有限。然而，在圣路易斯发现了与PM10的统计学显著关联，更重要的是，所估计的影响在所研究的两个社区之间是一致的，并且与其他报告的颗粒物对每日死亡率影响的分析一致。这些数据表明，颗粒物的酸度与每日死亡率的关系不如颗粒物的质量浓度那么重要。
The association between total daily mortality and air pollution was investigated for a 1-year period (September 1985 through August 1986) in St. Louis and in the counties in eastern Tennessee surrounding Kingston/Harriman. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative importance of various measures of particulate and gaseous air pollution as predictors of daily mortality. Concentrations of inhalable particles (PM10), fine particles (PM2.5), the elemental composition of these particles, and aerosols acidity were measured daily during the period of study. The effect of each air pollutant on daily mortality was estimated after controlling for meteorologic and seasonal influences. Total mortality in St. Louis was found to increase 16% (95% CI − 1 to 33%) for each 100 μg/m3increase in PM10, and by 17% (95% CI − 12 to 57%) in eastern Tennessee. Positive but progressively weaker associations were found with PM2.5, sulfate, and aerosol acidity concentrations in both communities. Associations with gaseous pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone—were all far from statistical significance. Because of the short monitoring period for daily particulate air pollution, the power of this study to detect associations was limited. Nevertheless, statistically significant associations with PM10were found in St. Louis, and, more importantly, the estimated effects were consistent between the two communities studied and with other reported analyses of the effects of particles on daily mortality. These data suggest that the acidity of particles is not as important in associations with daily mortality as the mass concentrations of particles.