Drawing self and others: How do children with autism differ from those with learning difficulties?
Drawing self and others: How do children with autism differ from those with learning difficulties?
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DOI：
10.1348/026151005x49881
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Hobson, R. Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leel, Anthony;Hobson, R. Peter
当孩子们画人类画像时，他们不仅揭示了他们一般的智力和艺术能力，也揭示了他们对自己和他人的意识和观念。自闭症儿童的人物画像可能揭示了他们关于自我和他人的形象--它们可能揭示了塑造没有自闭症儿童的绘画的社会因素？基于自闭症儿童和青少年社会意识受限的假设，我们预测他们画的自己和其他人之间几乎没有区别。为了验证这一预测，我们调查了一组患有自闭症的儿童和青少年，以及一组有学习困难但没有自闭症的儿童和青少年(每组N=14)，他们在时间上和语言上的心理年龄都是单独匹配的。患有自闭症的参与者大多画出了彼此区别不大的人物，但他们的房子之间形成了明显的对比，而大多数学习困难的人画的是与众不同的人物和房屋。尽管绘画中包含的特征的数量和种类相似，参与者的绘画风格也不同，但这些不同的表现轮廓仍然存在。尽管结果与我们的假设一致，即人物画像可能反映了自闭症儿童在精神上代表自己和他人的异常方式，但我们最后强调，我们对这一发现的解释持试探性态度。
When children draw pictures of human beings, they reveal things not only about their general intellectual and artistic abilities, but also about their awareness and conception of themselves and others. What might the human figure drawings of children with autism reveal about their images of self and other - and what might they disclose about social factors that shape the drawings of children who do not have autism? On the basis of an hypothesis about the restricted social awareness of children and adolescents with autism, we predicted that there would be little differentiation between their drawings of themselves and other people. To test this prediction, we investigated a group of children and adolescents with autism and a group with learning difficulties but not autism (N = 14 per group) who were individually matched for both chronological age and verbal mental age. Participants with autism mostly drew human figures that were little distinguished from one another, but introduced clear contrasts among their houses, whereas most of those with learning difficulties drew distinctive human figures as well as houses. These different profiles of performance occurred despite similarities in the numbers and kinds of feature included in the drawings, and the individuality of participants' drawing styles. Although the results were in keeping with our hypothesis that human figure drawings might reflect abnormalities in the way that children with autism mentally represent themselves and others, we conclude by stressing our tentativeness over this interpretation of the findings.