The Role of Gender in Public Perception of Whether Animals Can Experience Grief and Other Emotions
The Role of Gender in Public Perception of Whether Animals Can Experience Grief and Other Emotions
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DOI：
10.2752/175303714x13903827487601
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Phillips, Clive J. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walker, Jessica K.;McGrath, Nicky;Phillips, Clive J. C.
性别在影响人们对动物的态度方面起着重要的作用，然而，它是如何影响人们对动物的情感归因的，我们知之甚少。为了调查性别在公众对动物情感体验的态度和对动物是否会悲伤的看法中所起的作用，在澳大利亚布里斯班对1000名普通公众进行了面对面的调查。潜在的受访者被要求完成一个10分钟的“社会态度”调查。男性比女性更不可能相信动物会经历复杂的情绪，包括抑郁（p < 0.05）、焦虑（p < 0.05）、爱（p < 0.01）和悲伤（p < 0.05），但在包括痛苦、恐惧、快乐、愤怒、悲伤和恐惧在内的基本情绪方面没有差异。男性也不太可能相信动物在经历悲伤时表现出一些行为（进食p < 0.05；发声p < 0.01）的变化（p < 0.05），以及动物因与同种动物分离而悲伤（p < 0.005）。这些结果表明，与女性相比，男性对动物的情感归属持更大的怀疑态度。
Gender plays a significant role in influencing people's attitudes toward animals, however, little is known about how it influences their attribution of emotions to animals. To investigate the role that gender plays in public attitudes toward animals' experience of emotions and beliefs about whether animals can grieve, a face-to-face survey of 1,000 members of the general public was carried out in Brisbane, Australia. Potential respondents were asked to complete a 10-min "social attitudinal" survey. Males were significantly less likely than females to believe that animals experience complex emotions, including depression (p < 0.05), anxiety (p < 0.05), love (p < 0.01), and grief (p < 0.05), but did not differ in regard to basic emotions including distress, fear, happiness, anger, sadness, and fear. Males were also less likely to believe that animals show some behavioral (eating p < 0.05; vocalizing p < 0.01) changes when they experience grief (p < 0.05) and that animals grieve as a result of separation from a conspecific (p < 0.005). These results demonstrate a greater skepticism in males, compared with females, regarding the attribution of emotions to animals.