Mapping to inform conservation: A case study of changes in semi-natural habitats and their connectivity over 70 years
Mapping to inform conservation: A case study of changes in semi-natural habitats and their connectivity over 70 years
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2011.09.015
复制
发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Bullock, J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hooftman, D. A. P.;Bullock, J. M.
人类活动的加剧导致半自然栖息地的急剧丧失，也导致剩余碎片之间的连通性下降。因此，未来成功的恢复应该会增加栖息地面积和连通性。这里讨论了这样做的框架的第一步，其中涉及绘制过去栖息地变化的地图。我们提出了一种独特的方法：覆盖面积大（2500 km(2)）、数据分辨率高（25 x 25 m）、评估周期长（70 年），以及使用土壤调查将土地利用地图转换为广泛栖息地类型的系统。我们对英格兰南部多塞特郡 19305 年的土地利用地图进行了数字化。将生成的地图与 2000 年英国土地覆盖地图进行比较。对于我们的示例区域，土地利用急剧转向更加集约化的农业：所有半天然草地的 97% 都转变为农业改良草地或耕地，大部分荒地和粗糙草地 (-57%) 也是如此。另一个重要的变化驱动因素是植树造林（+25%）。较大的栖息地区域变得支离破碎，不同栖息地的平均碎片大小下降了31-94%。此外，碎片之间的连通性急剧下降，高达 98%。本文中介绍的分析不仅量化了栖息地丧失的规模和模式，而且对于通过增加可用栖息地和促进栖息地碎片之间的分散来恢复生物多样性的土地利用规划来说也很重要。我们讨论这样一个框架的可能步骤。 (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Intensification of human activities has caused drastic losses in semi-natural habitats, resulting as well in declining connectivity between remaining fragments. Successful future restoration should therefore increase both habitat area and connectivity. The first steps in a framework for doing so are addressed here, which involve the mapping of past habitat change. We present a method which is unique in: the large area covered (2500 km(2)), the high resolution of the data (25 x 25 m), the long period assessed (70 years), and a system for translation of land use maps into Broad Habitat Types using soil surveys.We digitised land use maps from the 19305 for the county of Dorset in southern England. The resulting map was compared to the UK Land Cover Map of 2000. For our example area, land use shifted dramatically to more intensive agriculture: 97% of all semi-natural grasslands were converted into agriculturally-improved grassland or arable land as were large proportions of the heathlands and rough grasslands (-57%). The other important driver of change was afforestation (+25%). The larger habitat areas became fragmented, with average fragment size of different habitats falling by 31-94%. Furthermore, the connectivity between fragments dropped drastically, by up to 98%.Analyses such as those presented here not only quantify the scale and pattern of habitat loss, but are important to inform land-use planning to restore biodiversity by both increasing the available habitat and facilitating dispersal among habitat fragments. We discuss the possible steps for such a framework. (c) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.